Plant aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase

ABSTRACT

This invention relates to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The invention also relates to the construction of a chimeric gene encoding all or a portion of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, in sense or antisense orientation, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in a transformed host cell.

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 60/093,530, filed Jul. 21, 1998.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

This invention is in the field of plant molecular biology. More specifically, this invention pertains to nucleic acid fragments encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase in plants and seeds.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

All tRNAs have two functions: to chemically link to a specific amino acid and to recognize a codon in mRNA so that the linked amino acid can be added to a growing peptide chain during protein synthesis. In general there is at least one aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for each of the twenty amino acids. A specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase links an amino acid to the 2′ or 3′ hydroxyl of the adenosine residue at the 3′-terminus of a tRNA molecule. Once its correct amino acid is attached, a tRNA then recognizes a codon in mRNA, thus delivering its amino acid to the growing polypeptide chain. These enzymatic functions are critical to gene expression (Neidhart et al. (1975) Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 29:215-250). Mutations in tRNA synthetases often result in alterations in protein synthesis and in some cases cell death.

Plants like other cellular organisms have aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. However a complete description of the plant ‘complement’ of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases has not been published. It is anticipated that plants will likely have at least forty aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Plants have three sites of protein synthesis: the cytoplasm, the mitochondrial and the chloroplast. Accordingly, there could be as many as sixty aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Based on knowledge of other eukaryotes the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are expected to be encoded by the same gene. This gene should be nuclearly encoded and produce two alternate products, one with a mitochondrial specific transit peptide, and the other without the mitochondrial targeting signal. The chloroplast is the other site of protein synthesis in plants. Based on a few examples of known plant chloroplast specific aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase genes it appears that these genes are also nuclear encoded. Chloroplast aminoacyl-RNA synthetases would directed to the chloroplast by a transit peptide.

Because of the central role aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases play in protein synthesis any agent that inhibits or disrupts aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity is likely to be toxic. Indeed a number of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors (antibiotics and herbicides) are known (Zon et al. (1988) Phytochemistry 27(3):711-714 and Heacock et al. (1996) Bioorganic Chemistry 24(3):273-289). Thus it may be possible to develop new herbicides that target aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and engineer aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases that are resistant to such herbicides. Accordingly, the availability of nucleic acid sequences encoding all or a portion of these enzymes would facilitate studies to better understand protein synthesis in plants, provide genetic tools for the manipulation of gene expression, and provide a possible target for herbicides.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The instant invention relates to isolated nucleic acid fragments encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Specifically, this invention concerns an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenyl-alanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase and an isolated nucleic acid fragment that is substantially similar to an isolated nucleic acid fragment encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase. In addition, this invention relates to a nucleic acid fragment that is complementary to the nucleic acid fragment encoding isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase.

An additional embodiment of the instant invention pertains to a polypeptide encoding all or a substantial portion of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase selected from the group consisting of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase and prolyl-tRNA synthetase.

In another embodiment, the instant invention relates to a chimeric gene encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase, or to a chimeric gene that comprises a nucleic acid fragment that is complementary to a nucleic acid fragment encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase, operably linked to suitable regulatory sequences, wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of levels of the encoded protein in a transformed host cell that is altered (i.e., increased or decreased) from the level produced in an untransformed host cell.

In a further embodiment, the instant invention concerns a transformed host cell comprising in its genome a chimeric gene encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase, operably linked to suitable regulatory sequences. Expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of the encoded protein in the transformed host cell. The transformed host cell can be of eukaryotic or prokaryotic origin, and include cells derived from higher plants and microorganisms. The invention also includes transformed plants that arise from transformed host cells of higher plants, and seeds derived from such transformed plants.

An additional embodiment of the instant invention concerns a method of altering the level of expression of an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenyl-alanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase in a transformed host cell comprising:

a) transforming a host cell with a chimeric gene comprising a nucleic acid fragment encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase; and b) growing the transformed host cell under conditions that are suitable for expression of the chimeric gene wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of altered levels of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase in the transformed host cell.

An addition embodiment of the instant invention concerns a method for obtaining a nucleic acid fragment encoding all or a substantial portion of an amino acid sequence encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase.

A further embodiment of the instant invention is a method for evaluating at least one compound for its ability to inhibit the activity of an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase, the method comprising the steps of: (a) transforming a host cell with a chimeric gene comprising a nucleic acid fragment encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase, operably linked to suitable regulatory sequences; (b) growing the transformed host cell under conditions that are suitable for expression of the chimeric gene wherein expression of the chimeric gene results in production of isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase in the transformed host cell; (c) optionally purifying the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase expressed by the transformed host cell; (d) treating the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase with a compound to be tested; and (e) comparing the activity of the isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase that has been treated with a test compound to the activity of an untreated isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase, thereby selecting compounds with potential for inhibitory activity.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEQUENCE DESCRIPTIONS

The invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description and the accompanying Sequence Listing which form a part of this application.

Table 1 lists the polypeptides that are described herein, the designation of the cDNA clones that comprise the nucleic acid fragments encoding polypeptides representing all or a substantial portion of these polypeptides, and the corresponding identifier (SEQ ID NO:) as used in the attached Sequence Listing. The sequence descriptions and Sequence Listing attached hereto comply with the rules governing nucleotide and/or amino acid sequence disclosures in patent applications as set forth in 37 C.F.R. §1.821-1.825.

TABLE 1 Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase SEQ ID NO: (Nucleo- (Amino Protein Clone Designation tide) Acid) Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase crln.pk0091.d7 1 2 Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase rls2.pk0006.c10 3 4 Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase srm.pk0008.f11 5 6 Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase wreln.pk0003.c2 7 8 Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase p0036.cmtah61r 9 10 Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase rr1.pk0039.e4 11 12 Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase sr1.pk0007.f2 13 14 Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase wdk2c.pk005.h13 15 16 Phenylalanyl-tRNA p0097.cqrao90r 17 18 Synthetase Phenylalanyl-tRNA rlr48.pk0021.h9 19 20 Synthetase Phenylalanyl-tRNA src3c.pk024.b22 21 22 Synthetase Phenylalanyl-tRNA wr1.pk0153.d9 23 24 Synthetase Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase p0040.cftag.25r 25 26 Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Contig composed of: 27 28 sf11.pk0067.a5 sr1.pk0023.f4 ssm.pk0022.a2 Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase wr1.pk0032.h7 29 30

The Sequence Listing contains the one letter code for nucleotide sequence characters and the three letter codes for amino acids as defined in conformity with the IUPAC-IUBMB standards described in Nucleic Acids Research 13:3021-3030 (1985) and in the Biochemical Journal 219 (No. 2):345-373 (1984) which are herein incorporated by reference. The symbols and format used for nucleotide and amino acid sequence data comply with the rules set forth in 37 C.F.R. §1.822.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the context of this disclosure, a number of terms shall be utilized. As used herein, a “nucleic acid fragment” is a polymer of RNA or DNA that is single- or double-stranded, optionally containing synthetic, non-natural or altered nucleotide bases. A nucleic acid fragment in the form of a polymer of DNA may be comprised of one or more segments of cDNA, genomic DNA or synthetic DNA.

As used herein, “contig” refers to a nucleotide sequence that is assembled from two or more constituent nucleotide sequences that share common or overlapping regions of sequence homology. For example, the nucleotide sequences of two or more nucleic acid fragments can be compared and aligned in order to identify common or overlapping sequences. Where common or overlapping sequences exist between two or more nucleic acid fragments, the sequences (and thus their corresponding nucleic acid fragments) can be assembled into a single contiguous nucleotide sequence.

As used herein, “substantially similar” refers to nucleic acid fragments wherein changes in one or more nucleotide bases results in substitution of one or more amino acids, but do not affect the functional properties of the polypeptide encoded by the nucleotide sequence. “Substantially similar” also refers to nucleic acid fragments wherein changes in one or more nucleotide bases does not affect the ability of the nucleic acid fragment to mediate alteration of gene expression by gene silencing through for example antisense or co-suppression technology. “Substantially similar” also refers to modifications of the nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention such as deletion or insertion of one or more nucleotides that do not substantially affect the functional properties of the resulting transcript vis-a-vis the ability to mediate gene silencing or alteration of the functional properties of the resulting protein molecule. It is therefore understood that the invention encompasses more than the specific exemplary nucleotide or amino acid sequences and includes functional equivalents thereof.

For example, it is well known in the art that antisense suppression and co-suppression of gene expression may be accomplished using nucleic acid fragments representing less than the entire coding region of a gene, and by nucleic acid fragments that do not share 100% sequence identity with the gene to be suppressed. Moreover, alterations in a nucleic acid fragment which result in the production of a chemically equivalent amino acid at a given site, but do not effect the functional properties of the encoded polypeptide, are well known in the art. Thus, a codon for the amino acid alanine, a hydrophobic amino acid, may be substituted by a codon encoding another less hydrophobic residue, such as glycine, or a more hydrophobic residue, such as valine, leucine, or isoleucine. Similarly, changes which result in substitution of one negatively charged residue for another, such as aspartic acid for glutamic acid, or one positively charged residue for another, such as lysine for arginine, can also be expected to produce a functionally equivalent product. Nucleotide changes which result in alteration of the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of the polypeptide molecule would also not be expected to alter the activity of the polypeptide. Each of the proposed modifications is well within the routine skill in the art, as is determination of retention of biological activity of the encoded products.

Moreover, substantially similar nucleic acid fragments may also be characterized by their ability to hybridize. Estimates of such homology are provided by either DNA-DNA or DNA-RNA hybridization under conditions of stringency as is well understood by those skilled in the art (Hames and Higgins, Eds. (1985) Nucleic Acid Hybridisation, IRL Press, Oxford, U.K.). Stringency conditions can be adjusted to screen for moderately similar fragments, such as homologous sequences from distantly related organisms, to highly similar fragments, such as genes that duplicate functional enzymes from closely related organisms. Post-hybridization washes determine stringency conditions. One set of preferred conditions uses a series of washes starting with 6×SSC, 0.5% SDS at room temperature for 15 min, then repeated with 2×SSC, 0.5% SDS at 45° C. for 30 min, and then repeated twice with 0.2×SSC, 0.5% SDS at 50° C. for 30 min. A more preferred set of stringent conditions uses higher temperatures in which the washes are identical to those above except for the temperature of the final two 30 min washes in 0.2×SSC, 0.5% SDS was increased to 60° C. Another preferred set of highly stringent conditions uses two final washes in 0.1×SSC, 0.1% SDS at 65° C.

Substantially similar nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention may also be characterized by the percent identity of the amino acid sequences that they encode to the amino acid sequences disclosed herein, as determined by algorithms commonly employed by those skilled in this art. Preferred are those nucleic acid fragments whose nucleotide sequences encode amino acid sequences that are 80% identical to the amino acid sequences reported herein. More preferred nucleic acid fragments encode amino acid sequences that are 90% identical to the amino acid sequences reported herein. Most preferred are nucleic acid fragments that encode amino acid sequences that are 95% identical to the amino acid sequences reported herein. Sequence alignments and percent identity calculations were performed using the Megalign program of the LASARGENE bioinformatics computing suite (DNASTAR Inc., Madison, Wis.). Multiple alignment of the sequences was performed using the Clustal method of alignment (Higgins and Sharp (1989) CABIOS. 5:151-153) with the default parameters (GAP PENALTY=10, GAP LENGTH PENALTY=10). Default parameters for pairwise alignments using the Clustal method were KTUPLE 1, GAP PENALTY=3, WINDOW=5 and DIAGONALS SAVED=5.

A “substantial portion” of an amino acid or nucleotide sequence comprises an amino acid or a nucleotide sequence that is sufficient to afford putative identification of the protein or gene that the amino acid or nucleotide sequence comprises. Amino acid and nucleotide sequences can be evaluated either manually by one skilled in the art, or by using computer-based sequence comparison and identification tools that employ algorithms such as BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool; Altschul et al. (1993)J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410; see also www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/). In general, a sequence of ten or more contiguous amino acids or thirty or more contiguous nucleotides is necessary in order to putatively identify a polypeptide or nucleic acid sequence as homologous to a known protein or gene. Moreover, with respect to nucleotide sequences, gene-specific oligonucleotide probes comprising 30 or more contiguous nucleotides may be used in sequence-dependent methods of gene identification (e.g., Southern hybridization) and isolation (e.g., in situ hybridization of bacterial colonies or bacteriophage plaques). In addition, short oligonucleotides of 12 or more nucleotides may be used as amplification primers in PCR in order to obtain a particular nucleic acid fragment comprising the primers. Accordingly, a “substantial portion” of a nucleotide sequence comprises a nucleotide sequence that will afford specific identification and/or isolation of a nucleic acid fragment comprising the sequence. The instant specification teaches amino acid and nucleotide sequences encoding polypeptides that comprise one or more particular plant proteins. The skilled artisan, having the benefit of the sequences as reported herein, may now use all or a substantial portion of the disclosed sequences for purposes known to those skilled in this art. Accordingly, the instant invention comprises the complete sequences as reported in the accompanying Sequence Listing, as well as substantial portions of those sequences as defined above.

“Codon degeneracy” refers to divergence in the genetic code permitting variation of the nucleotide sequence without effecting the amino acid sequence of an encoded polypeptide. Accordingly, the instant invention relates to any nucleic acid fragment comprising a nucleotide sequence that encodes all or a substantial portion of the amino acid sequences set forth herein. The skilled artisan is well aware of the “codon-bias” exhibited by a specific host cell in usage of nucleotide codons to specify a given amino acid. Therefore, when synthesizing a nucleic acid fragment for improved expression in a host cell, it is desirable to design the nucleic acid fragment such that its frequency of codon usage approaches the frequency of preferred codon usage of the host cell.

“Synthetic nucleic acid fragments” can be assembled from oligonucleotide building blocks that are chemically synthesized using procedures known to those skilled in the art. These building blocks are ligated and annealed to form larger nucleic acid fragments which may then be enzymatically assembled to construct the entire desired nucleic acid fragment. “Chemically synthesized”, as related to nucleic acid fragment, means that the component nucleotides were assembled in vitro. Manual chemical synthesis of nucleic acid fragments may be accomplished using well established procedures, or automated chemical synthesis can be performed using one of a number of commercially available machines. Accordingly, the nucleic acid fragments can be tailored for optimal gene expression based on optimization of nucleotide sequence to reflect the codon bias of the host cell. The skilled artisan appreciates the likelihood of successful gene expression if codon usage is biased towards those codons favored by the host. Determination of preferred codons can be based on a survey of genes derived from the host cell where sequence information is available.

“Gene” refers to a nucleic acid fragment that expresses a specific protein, including regulatory sequences preceding (5′ non-coding sequences) and following (3′ non-coding sequences) the coding sequence. “Native gene” refers to a gene as found in nature with its own regulatory sequences. “Chimeric gene” refers any gene that is not a native gene, comprising regulatory and coding sequences that are not found together in nature. Accordingly, a chimeric gene may comprise regulatory sequences and coding sequences that are derived from different sources, or regulatory sequences and coding sequences derived from the same source, but arranged in a manner different than that found in nature. “Endogenous gene” refers to a native gene in its natural location in the genome of an organism. A “foreign” gene refers to a gene not normally found in the host organism, but that is introduced into the host organism by gene transfer. Foreign genes can comprise native genes inserted into a non-native organism, or chimeric genes. A “transgene” is a gene that has been introduced into the genome by a transformation procedure.

“Coding sequence” refers to a nucleotide sequence that codes for a specific amino acid sequence. “Regulatory sequences” refer to nucleotide sequences located upstream (5′ non-coding sequences), within, or downstream (3′ non-coding sequences) of a coding sequence, and which influence the transcription, RNA processing or stability, or translation of the associated coding sequence. Regulatory sequences may include promoters, translation leader sequences, introns, and polyadenylation recognition sequences.

“Promoter” refers to a nucleotide sequence capable of controlling the expression of a coding sequence or functional RNA. In general, a coding sequence is located 3′ to a promoter sequence. The promoter sequence consists of proximal and more distal upstream elements, the latter elements often referred to as enhancers. Accordingly, an “enhancer” is a nucleotide sequence which can stimulate promoter activity and may be an innate element of the promoter or a heterologous element inserted to enhance the level or tissue-specificity of a promoter. Promoters may be derived in their entirety from a native gene, or be composed of different elements derived from different promoters found in nature, or even comprise synthetic nucleotide segments. It is understood by those skilled in the art that different promoters may direct the expression of a gene in different tissues or cell types, or at different stages of development, or in response to different environmental conditions. Promoters which cause a nucleic acid fragment to be expressed in most cell types at most times are commonly referred to as “constitutive promoters”. New promoters of various types useful in plant cells are constantly being discovered; numerous examples may be found in the compilation by Okamuro and Goldberg (1989) Biochemnistry of Plants 15:1-82. It is further recognized that since in most cases the exact boundaries of regulatory sequences have not been completely defined, nucleic acid fragments of different lengths may have identical promoter activity.

The “translation leader sequence” refers to a nucleotide sequence located between the promoter sequence of a gene and the coding sequence. The translation leader sequence is present in the fully processed mRNA upstream of the translation start sequence. The translation leader sequence may affect processing of the primary transcript to mRNA, mRNA stability or translation efficiency. Examples of translation leader sequences have been described (Turner and Foster (1995) Molecular Biotechnology 3:225).

The “3′ non-coding sequences” refer to nucleotide sequences located downstream of a coding sequence and include polyadenylation recognition sequences and other sequences encoding regulatory signals capable of affecting mRNA processing or gene expression. The polyadenylation signal is usually characterized by affecting the addition of polyadenylic acid tracts to the 3′ end of the mRNA precursor. The use of different 3′ non-coding sequences is exemplified by Ingelbrecht et al. (1989) Plant Cell 1:671-680.

“RNA transcript” refers to the product resulting from RNA polymerase-catalyzed transcription of a DNA sequence. When the RNA transcript is a perfect complementary copy of the DNA sequence, it is referred to as the primary transcript or it may be a RNA sequence derived from posttranscriptional processing of the primary transcript and is referred to as the mature RNA. “Messenger RNA (mRNA)” refers to the RNA that is without introns and that can be translated into polypeptide by the cell. “CDNA” refers to a double-stranded DNA that is complementary to and derived from mRNA. “Sense” RNA refers to an RNA transcript that includes the mRNA and so can be translated into a polypeptide by the cell. “Antisense RNA” refers to an RNA transcript that is complementary to all or part of a target primary transcript or mRNA and that blocks the expression of a target gene (see U.S. Pat. No. 5,107,065, incorporated herein by reference). The complementarity of an antisense RNA may be with any part of the specific nueleotide sequence, i.e., at the 5′ non-coding sequence, 3′ non-coding sequence, introns, or the coding sequence. “Functional RNA” refers to sense RNA, antisense RNA, ribozyme RNA, or other RNA that may not be translated but yet has an effect on cellular processes.

The term “operably linked” refers to the association of two or more nucleic acid fragments on a single nucleic acid fragment so that the function of one is affected by the other. For example, a promoter is operably linked with a coding sequence when it is capable of affecting the expression of that coding sequence (i.e., that the coding sequence is under the transcriptional control of the promoter). Coding sequences can be operably linked to regulatory sequences in sense or antisense orientation.

The term “expression”, as used herein, refers to the transcription and stable accumulation of sense (mRNA) or antisense RNA derived from the nucleic acid fragment of the invention. Expression may also refer to translation of mRNA into a polypeptide. “Antisense inhibition” refers to the production of antisense RNA transcripts capable of suppressing the expression of the target protein. “Overexpression” refers to the production of a gene product in transgenic organisms that exceeds levels of production in normal or non-transformed organisms. “Co-suppression” refers to the production of sense RNA transcripts capable of suppressing the expression of identical or substantially similar foreign or endogenous genes (U.S. Pat. No. 5,231,020, incorporated herein by reference).

“Altered levels” refers to the production of gene product(s) in transgenic organisms in amounts or proportions that differ from that of normal or non-transformed organisms.

“Mature” protein refers to a post-translationally processed polypeptide; i.e., one from which any pre- or propeptides present in the primary translation product have been removed. “Precursor” protein refers to the primary product of translation of mRNA; i.e., with pre- and propeptides still present. Pre- and propeptides may be but are not limited to intracellular localization signals.

A “chloroplast transit peptide” is an amino acid sequence which is translated in conjunction with a protein and directs the protein to the chloroplast or other plastid types present in the cell in which the protein is made. “Chloroplast transit sequence” refers to a nucleotide sequence that encodes a chloroplast transit peptide. A “signal peptide” is an amino acid sequence which is translated in conjunction with a protein and directs the protein to the secretory system (Chrispeels (1991) Ann. Rev. Plant Phys. Plant Mol. Biol. 42:21-53). If the protein is to be directed to a vacuole, a vacuolar targeting signal (supra) can further be added, or if to the endoplasmic reticulum, an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal (supra) may be added. If the protein is to be directed to the nucleus, any signal peptide present should be removed and instead a nuclear localization signal included (Raikhel (1992) Plant Phys. 100:1627-1632).

“Transformation” refers to the transfer of a nucleic acid fragment into the genome of a host organism, resulting in genetically stable inheritance. Host organisms containing the transformed nucleic acid fragments are referred to as “transgenic” organisms. Examples of methods of plant transformation include Agrobacterium-mediated transformation (De Blaere et al. (1987) Meth. Enzynmol. 143:277) and particle-accelerated or “gene gun” transformation technology (Klein et al. (1987) Nature (London) 327:70-73; U.S. Pat. No. 4,945,050, incorporated herein by reference).

Standard recombinant DNA and molecular cloning techniques used herein are well known in the art and are described more fully in Sambrook et al. Molecular Cloning. A Laboratory Manual; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press: Cold Spring Harbor, 1989 (hereinafter “Maniatis”).

Nucleic acid fragments encoding at least a portion of several aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases have been isolated and identified by comparison of random plant cDNA sequences to public databases containing nucleotide and protein sequences using the BLAST algorithms well known to those skilled in the art. The nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention may be used to isolate cDNAs and genes encoding homologous proteins from the same or other plant species. Isolation of homologous genes using sequence-dependent protocols is well known in the art. Examples of sequence-dependent protocols include, but are not limited to, methods of nucleic acid hybridization, and methods of DNA and RNA amplification as exemplified by various uses of nucleic acid amplification technologies (e.g., polymerase chain reaction, ligase chain reaction).

For example, genes encoding other isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, lysyl-tRNA synthetase, phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase or prolyl-tRNA synthetase enzymes, either as cDNAs or genomic DNAs, could be isolated directly by using all or a portion of the instant nucleic acid fragments as DNA hybridization probes to screen libraries from any desired plant employing methodology well known to those skilled in the art. Specific oligonucleotide probes based upon the instant nucleic acid sequences can be designed and synthesized by methods known in the art (Maniatis). Moreover, the entire sequences can be used directly to synthesize DNA probes by methods known to the skilled artisan such as random primer DNA labeling, nick translation, or end-labeling techniques, or RNA probes using available in vitro transcription systems. In addition, specific primers can be designed and used to amplify a part or all of the instant sequences. The resulting amplification products can be labeled directly during amplification reactions or labeled after amplification reactions, and used as probes to isolate full length cDNA or genomic fragments under conditions of appropriate stringency.

In addition, two short segments of the instant nucleic acid fragments may be used in polymerase chain reaction protocols to amplify longer nucleic acid fragments encoding homologous genes from DNA or RNA. The polymerase chain reaction may also be performed on a library of cloned nucleic acid fragments wherein the sequence of one primer is derived from the instant nucleic acid fragments, and the sequence of the other primer takes advantage of the presence of the polyadenylic acid tracts to the 3′ end of the mRNA precursor encoding plant genes. Alternatively, the second primer sequence may be based upon sequences derived from the cloning vector. For example, the skilled artisan can follow the RACE protocol (Frohman et al. (1988) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:8998) to generate cDNAs by using PCR to amplify copies of the region between a single point in the transcript and the 3′ or 5′ end. Primers oriented in the 3′ and 5′ directions can be designed from the instant sequences. Using commercially available 3′ RACE or 5′ RACE systems (BRL), specific 3′ or 5′ cDNA fragments can be isolated (Ohara et al. (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86:5673; Loh et al. (1989) Science 243:217). Products generated by the 3′ and 5′ RACE procedures can be combined to generate full-length cDNAs (Frohman and Martin (1989) Techniques 1:165).

Availability of the instant nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences facilitates immunological screening of cDNA expression libraries. Synthetic peptides representing portions of the instant amino acid sequences may be synthesized. These peptides can be used to immunize animals to produce polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies with specificity for peptides or proteins comprising the amino acid sequences. These antibodies can be then be used to screen CDNA expression libraries to isolate full-length CDNA clones of interest (Lerner (1984) Adv. Immunol. 36:1; Maniatis).

The nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention may be used to create transgenic plants in which the disclosed polypeptides are present at higher or lower levels than normal or in cell types or developmental stages in which they are not normally found. This would have the effect of altering the level of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activity and gene expression in those cells.

Overexpression of the proteins of the instant invention may be accomplished by first constructing a chimeric gene in which the coding region is operably linked to a promoter capable of directing expression of a gene in the desired tissues at the desired stage of development. For reasons of convenience, the chimeric gene may comprise promoter sequences and translation leader sequences derived from the same genes. 3′ Non-coding sequences encoding transcription termination signals may also be provided. The instant chimeric gene may also comprise one or more introns in order to facilitate gene expression.

Plasmid vectors comprising the instant chimeric gene can then constructed. The choice of plasmid vector is dependent upon the method that will be used to transform host plants. The skilled artisan is well aware of the genetic elements that must be present on the plasmid vector in order to successfully transform, select and propagate host cells containing the chimeric gene. The skilled artisan will also recognize that different independent transformation events will result in different levels and patterns of expression (Jones et al. (1985) EMBO J. 4:2411-2418; De Almeida et al. (1989) Mol. Gen. Genetics 218:78-86), and thus that multiple events must be screened in order to obtain lines displaying the desired expression level and pattern. Such screening may be accomplished by Southern analysis of DNA, Northern analysis of mRNA expression, Western analysis of protein expression, or phenotypic analysis.

For some applications it may be useful to direct the instant polypeptides to different cellular compartments, or to facilitate its secretion from the cell. It is thus envisioned that the chimeric gene described above may be further supplemented by altering the coding sequence to encode the instant polypeptides with appropriate intracellular targeting sequences such as transit sequences (Keegstra (1989) Cell 56:247-253), signal sequences or sequences encoding endoplasmic reticulum localization (Chrispeels (1991) Ann. Rev. Plant Phys. Plant Mol. Biol. 42:21-53), or nuclear localization signals (Raikhel (1992) Plant Phys. 100:1627-1632) added and/or with targeting sequences that are already present removed. While the references cited give examples of each of these, the list is not exhaustive and more targeting signals of utility may be discovered in the future.

It may also be desirable to reduce or eliminate expression of genes encoding the instant polypeptides in plants for some applications. In order to accomplish this, a chimeric gene designed for co-suppression of the instant polypeptide can be constructed by linking a gene or gene fragment encoding that polypeptide to plant promoter sequences. Alternatively, a chimeric gene designed to express antisense RNA for all or part of the instant nucleic acid fragment can be constructed by linking the gene or gene fragment in reverse orientation to plant promoter sequences. Either the co-suppression or antisense chimeric genes could be introduced into plants via transformation wherein expression of the corresponding endogenous genes are reduced or eliminated.

Molecular genetic solutions to the generation of plants with altered gene expression have a decided advantage over more traditional plant breeding approaches. Changes in plant phenotypes can be produced by specifically inhibiting expression of one or more genes by antisense inhibition or cosuppression (U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,190,931, 5,107,065 and 5,283,323). An antisense or cosuppression construct would act as a dominant negative regulator of gene activity. While conventional mutations can yield negative regulation of gene activity these effects are most likely recessive. The dominant negative regulation available with a transgenic approach may be advantageous from a breeding perspective. In addition, the ability to restrict the expression of specific phenotype to the reproductive tissues of the plant by the use of tissue specific promoters may confer agronomic advantages relative to conventional mutations which may have an effect in all tissues in which a mutant gene is ordinarily expressed.

The person skilled in the art will know that special considerations are associated with the use of antisense or cosuppresion technologies in order to reduce expression of particular genes. For example, the proper level of expression of sense or antisense genes may require the use of different chimeric genes utilizing different regulatory elements known to the skilled artisan. Once transgenic plants are obtained by one of the methods described above, it will be necessary to screen individual transgenics for those that most effectively display the desired phenotype. Accordingly, the skilled artisan will develop methods for screening large numbers of transformants. The nature of these screens will generally be chosen on practical grounds, and is not an inherent part of the invention. For example, one can screen by looking for changes in gene expression by using antibodies specific for the protein encoded by the gene being suppressed, or one could establish assays that specifically measure enzyme activity. A preferred method will be one which allows large numbers of samples to be processed rapidly, since it will be expected that a large number of transformants will be negative for the desired phenotype.

The instant polypeptides (or portions thereof) may be produced in heterologous host cells, particularly in the cells of microbial hosts, and can be used to prepare antibodies to the these proteins by methods well known to those skilled in the art. The antibodies are useful for detecting the polypeptides of the instant invention in situ in cells or in vitro in cell extracts. Preferred heterologous host cells for production of the instant polypeptides are microbial hosts. Microbial expression systems and expression vectors containing regulatory sequences that direct high level expression of foreign proteins are well known to those skilled in the art. Any of these could be used to construct a chimeric gene for production of the instant polypeptides. This chimeric gene could then be introduced into appropriate microorganisms via transformation to provide high level expression of the encoded aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. An example of a vector for high level expression of the instant polypeptides in a bacterial host is provided (Example 9).

Additionally, the instant polypeptides can be used as a targets to facilitate design and/or identification of inhibitors of those enzymes that may be useful as herbicides. This is desirable because the polypeptides described herein catalyze various steps in gene expression. Accordingly, inhibition of the activity of one or more of the enzymes described herein could lead to inhibition plant growth. Thus, the instant polypeptides could be appropriate for new herbicide discovery and design.

All or a substantial portion of the nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention may also be used as probes for genetically and physically mapping the genes that they are a part of, and as markers for traits linked to those genes. Such information may be useful in plant breeding in order to develop lines with desired phenotypes. For example, the instant nucleic acid fragments may be used as restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. Southern blots (Maniatis) of restriction-digested plant genomic DNA may be probed with the nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention. The resulting banding patterns may then be subjected to genetic analyses using computer programs such as MapMaker (Lander et al. (1987) Genomics 1:174-181) in order to construct a genetic map. In addition, the nucleic acid fragments of the instant invention may be used to probe Southern blots containing restriction endonuclease-treated genomic DNAs of a set of individuals representing parent and progeny of a defined genetic cross. Segregation of the DNA polymorphisms is noted and used to calculate the position of the instant nucleic acid sequence in the genetic map previously obtained using this population (Botstein et al. (1980) Am. J. Hum. Genet. 32:314-33 1).

The production and use of plant gene-derived probes for use in genetic mapping is described in Bernatzky and Tanksley (1986) Plant Mol. Biol. Reporter 4(1):37-41. Numerous publications describe genetic mapping of specific cDNA clones using the methodology outlined above or variations thereof. For example, F2 intercross populations, backcross populations, randomly mated populations, near isogenic lines, and other sets of individuals may be used for mapping. Such methodologies are well known to those skilled in the art.

Nucleic acid probes derived from the instant nucleic acid sequences may also be used for physical mapping (i.e., placement of sequences on physical maps; see Hoheisel et al. In: Nonmammalian Genomic Analysis: A Practical Guide, Academic press 1996, pp. 319-346, and references cited therein).

In another embodiment, nucleic acid probes derived from the instant nucleic acid sequences may be used in direct fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) mapping (Trask (1991) Trends Genet. 7:149-154). Although current methods of FISH mapping favor use of large clones (several to several hundred KB; see Laan et al. (1995) Genome Research 5:13-20), improvements in sensitivity may allow performance of FISH mapping using shorter probes.

A variety of nucleic acid amplification-based methods of genetic and physical mapping may be carried out using the instant nucleic acid sequences. Examples include allele-specific amplification (Kazazian (1989)J. Lab. Clin. Med. 114(2):95-96), polymorphism of PCR-amplified fragments (CAPS; Sheffield et al. (1993) Genomics 16:325-332), allele-specific ligation (Landegren et al. (1988) Science 241:1077-1080), nucleotide extension reactions (Sokolov (1990) Nucleic Acid Res. 18:3671), Radiation Hybrid Mapping (Walter et al. (1997) Nature Genetics 7:22-28) and Happy Mapping (Dear and Cook (1989) Nucleic Acid Res. 17:6795-6807). For these methods, the sequence of a nucleic acid fragment is used to design and produce primer pairs for use in the amplification reaction or in primer extension reactions. The design of such primers is well known to those skilled in the art. In methods employing PCR-based genetic mapping, it may be necessary to identify DNA sequence differences between the parents of the mapping cross in the region corresponding to the instant nucleic acid sequence. This, however, is generally not necessary for mapping methods.

Loss of function mutant phenotypes may be identified for the instant cDNA clones either by targeted gene disruption protocols or by identifying specific mutants for these genes contained in a maize population carrying mutations in all possible genes (Ballinger and Benzer (1989) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 86:9402; Koes et al. (1995) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 92:8149; Bensen et al. (1995) Plant Cell 7:75). The latter approach may be accomplished in two ways. First, short segments of the instant nucleic acid fragments may be used in polymerase chain reaction protocols in conjunction with a mutation tag sequence primer on DNAs prepared from a population of plants in which Mutator transposons or some other mutation-causing DNA element has been introduced (see Bensen, supra). The amplification of a specific DNA fragment with these primers indicates the insertion of the mutation tag element in or near the plant gene encoding the instant polypeptides. Alternatively, the instant nucleic acid fragment may be used as a hybridization probe against PCR amplification products generated from the mutation population using the mutation tag sequence primer in conjunction with an arbitrary genomic site primer, such as that for a restriction enzyme site-anchored synthetic adaptor. With either method, a plant containing a mutation in the endogenous gene encoding the instant polypeptides can be identified and obtained. This mutant plant can then be used to determine or confirm the natural function of the instant polypeptides disclosed herein.

EXAMPLES

The present invention is further defined in the following Examples, in which all parts and percentages are by weight and degrees are Celsius, unless otherwise stated. It should be understood that these Examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only. From the above discussion and these Examples, one skilled in the art can ascertain the essential characteristics of this invention, and without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, can make various changes and modifications of the invention to adapt it to various usages and conditions.

Example 1 Composition of cDNA Libraries: Isolation and Sequencing of cDNA Clones

cDNA libraries representing mRNAs from various corn, rice, soybean and wheat tissues were prepared. The characteristics of the libraries are described below.

TABLE 2 cDNA Libraries from Corn, Rice, Soybean and Wheat Library Tissue Clone crln Corn root from 7 day seedlings grown in crln.pk0091.d7 light* p0036 Corn tassels, early meiosis p0036.cmtah61r p0097 Corn V9 whorl section (7 cm) from plant p0097.cqrao90r infected four times with european corn borer p0040 Corn tassel: apical meristem > floral p0040.cftag.25r transition r1r48 Rice leaf 15 days after germination, 48 hours rlr48.pk0021.h9 after infection of strain Magaporthe grisea 4360-R-62 (AVR2-YAMO); Resistant rls2 Rice leaf 15 days after germination, 2 hours rls2.pk0006.c10 after infection of strain Magaporthe grisea 4360-R-67 (AVR2-YAMO); Susceptible rr1 Rice root of two week old developing rr1.pk0039.e4 seedling sf11 Soybean immature flower sf11.pk0067.a5 src3c Soybean 8 day old root inoculated with src3c.pk024.b22 eggs of cyst nematode Heterodera glycinis (Race 14) for 4 days sr1 Soybean root sr1.pk0007.f2 sr1.pk0023.f4 srm Soybean root meristem srm.pk0008.f11 ssm Soybean shoot meristem ssm.pk0022.a2 wdk2c Wheat developing kernel, 7 days after wdk2c.pk005.h13 anthesis wr1 Wheat root from 7 day old seedling wr1.pk0032.h7 wr1.pk0153.d9 wreln Wheat root from 7 day old etiolated wreln.pk0003.c2 seedling* *These libraries were normalized essentially as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,482,845, incorporated herein by reference.

cDNA libraries may be prepared by any one of many methods available. For example, the cDNAs may be introduced into plasmid vectors by first preparing the CDNA libraries in Uni-ZAP™ XR vectors according to the manufacturer's protocol (Stratagene Cloning Systems, La Jolla, Calif.). The Uni-ZAP™ XR libraries are converted into plasmid libraries according to the protocol provided by Stratagene. Upon conversion, CDNA inserts will be contained in the plasmid vector pBluescript. In addition, the cDNAs may be introduced directly into precut Bluescript II SK(+) vectors (Stratagene) using T4 DNA ligase (New England Biolabs), followed by transfection into DH1OB cells according to the manufacturer's protocol (GIBCO BRL Products). Once the cDNA inserts are in plasmid vectors, plasmid DNAs are prepared from randomly picked bacterial colonies containing recombinant pBluescript plasmids, or the insert cDNA sequences are amplified via polymerase chain reaction using primers specific for vector sequences flanking the inserted cDNA sequences. Amplified insert DNAs or plasmid DNAs are sequenced in dye-primer sequencing reactions to generate partial cDNA sequences (expressed sequence tags or “ESTs”; see Adams et al., (1991) Science 252:1651). The resulting ESTs are analyzed using a Perkin Elmer Model 377 fluorescent sequencer.

Example 2 Identification of cDNA Clones

cDNA clones encoding aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were identified by conducting BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool; Altschul et al. (1993) J. Mol. Biol. 215:403-410; see also www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/BLAST/) searches for similarity to sequences contained in the BLAST “nr” database (comprising all non-redundant GenBank CDS translations, sequences derived from the 3-dimensional structure Brookhaven Protein Data Bank, the last major release of the SWISS-PROT protein sequence database, EMBL, and DDBJ databases). The cDNA sequences obtained in Example I were analyzed for similarity to all publicly available DNA sequences contained in the “nr” database using the BLASTN algorithm provided by the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). The DNA sequences were translated in all reading frames and compared for similarity to all publicly available protein sequences contained in the “nr” database using the BLASTX algorithm (Gish and States (1993) Nature Genetics 3:266-272) provided by the NCBI. For convenience, the P-value (probability) of observing a match of a cDNA sequence to a sequence contained in the searched databases merely by chance as calculated by BLAST are reported herein as “pLog” values, which represent the negative of the logarithm of the reported P-value. Accordingly, the greater the pLog value, the greater the likelihood that the cDNA sequence and the BLAST “hit” represent homologous proteins.

Example 3 Characterization of cDNA Clones Encoding Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase

The BLASTX search using the EST sequences from clones listed in Table 3 revealed similarity of the polypeptides encoded by the cDNAs to isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NCBI Identifier No. gi 135134), Homo sapiens (NCBI Identifier No. gi 730870) and Homo sapiens (NCBI Identifier No. gi 4504555). Shown in Table 3 are the BLAST results for individual ESTs (“EST”), the sequences of the entire cDNA inserts comprising the indicated cDNA clones (“FIS”), or contigs assembled from two or more ESTs (“Contig”):

TABLE 3 BLAST Results for Sequences Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase Clone Status BLAST pLog Score crln.pk009l.d7 FIS 55.40 (gi 135134) rls2.pk0006.c10 EST 28.52 (gi 135134) srm.pk0008.f11 EST 49.52 (gi 730870) wreln.pk0003.c2 FIS 55.05 (gi 4504555)

The data in Table 4 represents a calculation of the percent identity of the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs:2, 4, 6 and 8 and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens sequences (SEQ ID NOs:31, 32 and 33).

TABLE 4 Percent Identity of Amino Acid Sequences Deduced From the Nucleotide Sequences of cDNA Clones Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Homo sapiens Isoleucyl-tRNA Synthetase SEQ ID NO. Percent Identity to 2 58% (gi 135134) 4 68% (gi 135134) 6 58% (gi 730870) 8 53% (gi 4504555)

Sequence alignments and percent identity calculations were performed using the Megalign program of the LASARGENE bioinformatics computing suite (DNASTAR Inc., Madison, Wis.). Multiple aliginent of the sequences was performed using the Clustal method of alignment (Higgins and Sharp (1989) CABIOS. 5:151-153) with the default parameters (GAP PENALTY=10, GAP LENGTH PENALTY=10). Default parameters for pairwise alignments using the Clustal method were KTUPLE 1, GAP PENALTY=3, WINDOW=5 and DIAGONALS SAVED=5. Sequence alignments and BLAST scores and probabilities indicate that the nucleic acid fragments comprising the instant cDNA clones encode a substantial portion of an isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase. These sequences represent the first corn, rice, soybean and wheat sequences encoding isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase.

Example 4 Characterization of cDNA Clones Encoding Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase

The BLASTX search using the EST sequences from clones listed in Table 5 revealed similarity of the polypeptides encoded by the cDNAs to lysyl-tRNA synthetase from Arabidopsis thaliana (NCBI Identifier No. gi 4325324). Shown in Table 5 are the BLAST results for individual ESTs (“EST”), the sequences of the entire cDNA inserts comprising the indicated cDNA clones (“FIS”), or contigs assembled from two or more ESTs (“Contig”):

TABLE 5 BLAST Results for Sequences Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase Clone Status BLAST pLog Score to gi 4325324 p0036.cmtah61r FIS >254.00 rr1.pk0039.e4 EST 92.15 sr1.pk0007.f2 FIS >254.00 wdk2c.pk005.h13 FIS 65.30

The data in Table 6 represents a calculation of the percent identity of the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 10, 12, 14, and 16 and the Arabidopsis thaliana sequence (SEQ ID NO:34).

TABLE 6 Percent Identity of Amino Acid Sequences Deduced From the Nucleotide Sequences of cDNA Clones Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Arabidopsis thaliana Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase SEQ ID NO. Percent Identity to gi 4325324 10 68% 12 85% 14 73% 16 85%

Sequence alignments and percent identity calculations were performed using the Megalign program of the LASARGENE bioinformatics computing suite (DNASTAR Inc., Madison, Wis.). Multiple alignment of the sequences was performed using the Clustal method of alignment (Higgins and Sharp (1989) CABIOS. 5:151-153) with the default parameters (GAP PENALTY=10, GAP LENGTH PENALTY=10). Default parameters for pairwise alignments using the Clustal method were KTUPLE 1, GAP PENALTY=3, WINDOW=5 and DIAGONALS SAVED=5. Sequence alignments and BLAST scores and probabilities indicate that the nucleic acid fragments comprising the instant cDNA clones encode a substantial portion of a lysyl-tRNA synthetase. These sequences represent the first corn, rice, soybean and wheat sequences encoding lysyl-tRNA Synthetase.

Example 5 Characterization of cDNA Clones Encoding Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase

The BLASTX search using the EST sequences from clones listed in Table 7 revealed similarity of the polypeptides encoded by the cDNAs to phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from Homo sapiens (NCBI Identifier No. gi 3983103) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (NCBI Identifier No. gi 172947). Shown in Table 7 are the BLAST results for individual ESTs (“EST”), the sequences of the entire cDNA inserts comprising the indicated cDNA clones (“FIS”), or contigs assembled from two or more ESTs (“Contig”):

TABLE 7 BLAST Results for Sequences Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Homo sapiens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase Clone Status BLAST pLog Score p0097.cqrao90r FIS  95.15 (gi 3983103) r1r48.pk0021.h9 FIS  82.00 (gi 172947) src3c.pk024.b22 EST  27.70 (gi 172947) wr1.pk0153.d9 EST 101.00 (gi 172947)

The data in Table 8 represents a calculation of the percent identity of the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs: 18, 20, 22 and 24 and the Homo sapiens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae sequences (SEQ ID NOs:35 and 36 respectively).

TABLE 8 Percent Identity of Amino Acid Sequences Deduced From the Nucleotide Sequences of cDNA Clones Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Homo sapiens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase SEQ ID NO. Percent Identity to 18 38% (gi 3983103) 20 57% (gi 172947) 22 41% (gi 172947) 24 58% (gi 172947)

Sequence alignments and percent identity calculations were performed using the Megalign program of the LASARGENE bioinformatics computing suite (DNASTAR Inc., Madison, Wis.). Multiple alignment of the sequences was performed using the Clustal method of alignment (Higgins and Sharp (1989) CABIOS. 5:151-153) with the default parameters (GAP PENALTY=10, GAP LENGTH PENALTY=10). Default parameters for pairwise alignments using the Clustal method were KTUPLE 1, GAP PENALTY=3, WINDOW=5 and DIAGONALS SAVED=5. Sequence alignments and BLAST scores and probabilities indicate that the nucleic acid fragments comprising the instant cDNA clones encode a substantial portion of a phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase. These sequences represent the first corn, rice, soybean and wheat sequences encoding phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase.

Example 6 Characterization of cDNA Clones Encoding Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase

The BLASTX search using the EST sequences from clones listed in Table 9 revealed similarity of the polypeptides encoded by the cDNAs to prolyl-tRNA synthetase from Homo sapiens (NCBI Identifier No. gi 4758294). Shown in Table 9 are the BLAST results for individual ESTs (“EST”), the sequences of the entire cDNA inserts comprising the indicated cDNA clones (“FIS”), or contigs assembled from two or more ESTs (“Contig”):

TABLE 9 BLAST Results for Sequences Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Homo sapiens Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase Clone Status BLAST pLog Score p0040.cfiag.25r FIS 162.00 Contig composed of: Contig 68.15 sf11.pk0067.a5 sr1.pk0023.f4 ssm.pk0022.a2 wrl.pk0032.h7 EST 51.70

The data in Table 10 represents a calculation of the percent identity of the amino acid sequences set forth in SEQ ID NOs:26, 28 and 30 and the Homo sapiens sequence (SEQ ID NO:37).

TABLE 10 Percent Identity of Amino Acid Sequences Deduced From the Nucleotide Sequences of cDNA Clones Encoding Polypeptides Homologous to Homo sapiens Prolyl-tRNA Synthetase SEQ ID NO. Percent Identity to 26 49% 28 64% 30 63%

Sequence alignments and percent identity calculations were performed using the Megalign program of the LASARGENE bioinformatics computing suite (DNASTAR Inc., Madison, Wis.). Multiple alignment of the sequences was performed using the Clustal method of alignment (Higgins and Sharp (1989) CABIOS. 5:151-153) with the default parameters (GAP PENALTY=10, GAP LENGTH PENALTY=10). Default parameters for pairwise alignments using the Clustal method were KTUPLE 1, GAP PENALTY=3, WINDOW=5 and DIAGONALS SAVED=5. Sequence alignments and BLAST scores and probabilities indicate that the nucleic acid fragments comprising the instant cDNA clones encode a substantial portion of a prolyl-tRNA synthetase. These sequences represent the first corn, soybean and wheat sequences encoding prolyl-tRNA synthetase.

Example 7 Expression of Chimeric Genes in Monocot Cells

A chimeric gene comprising a cDNA encoding the instant polypeptides in sense orientation with respect to the maize 27 kD zein promoter that is located 5′ to the cDNA fragment, and the 10 kD zein 3′ end that is located 3′ to the cDNA fragment, can be constructed. The cDNA fragment of this gene may be generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the cDNA clone using appropriate oligonucleotide primers. Cloning sites (NcoI or SmaI) can be incorporated into the oligonucleotides to provide proper orientation of the DNA fragment when inserted into the digested vector pML103 as described below. Amplification is then performed in a standard PCR. The amplified DNA is then digested with restriction enzymes NcoI and Smal and fractionated on an agarose gel. The appropriate band can be isolated from the gel and combined with a 4.9 kb NcoI-SmaI fragment of the plasmid pML 103. Plasmid pML 103 has been deposited under the terms of the Budapest Treaty at ATCC (American Type Culture Collection, 10801 University Blvd., Manassas, Va. 20110-2209), and bears accession number ATCC 97366. The DNA segment from pML 103 contains a 1.05 kb SalI-Ncol promoter fragment of the maize 27 kD zein gene and a 0.96 kb Smal-SalI fragment from the 3′ end of the maize 10 kD zein gene in the vector pGem9Zf(+) (Promega). Vector and insert DNA can be ligated at 15° C. overnight, essentially as described (Maniatis). The ligated DNA may then be used to transform E. coli XL1-Blue (Epicurian Coli XL-1 Blue™; Stratagene). Bacterial transformants can be screened by restriction enzyme digestion of plasmid DNA and limited nucleotide sequence analysis using the dideoxy chain termination method (Sequenase™ DNA Sequencing Kit; U.S. Biochemical). The resulting plasmid construct would comprise a chimeric gene encoding, in the 5′ to 3′ direction, the maize 27 kD zein promoter, a cDNA fragment encoding the instant polypeptides, and the 10 kD zein 3′ region.

The chimeric gene described above can then be introduced into corn cells by the following procedure. Immature corn embryos can be dissected from developing caryopses derived from crosses of the inbred corn lines H99 and LH132. The embryos are isolated 10 to 11 days after pollination when they are 1.0 to 1.5 mm long. The embryos are then placed with the axis-side facing down and in contact with agarose-solidified N6 medium (Chu et al. (1975) Sci. Sin. Peking 18:659-668). The embryos are kept in the dark at 27° C. Friable embryogenic callus consisting of undifferentiated masses of cells with somatic proembryoids and embryoids borne on suspensor structures proliferates from the scutellum of these immature embryos. The embryogenic callus isolated from the primary explant can be cultured on N6 medium and sub-cultured on this medium every 2 to 3 weeks.

The plasmid, p35S/Ac (obtained from Dr. Peter Eckes, Hoechst Ag, Frankfurt, Germany) may be used in transformation experiments in order to provide for a selectable marker. This plasmid contains the Pat gene (see European Patent Publication 0 242 236) which encodes phosphinothricin acetyl transferase (PAT). The enzyme PAT confers resistance to herbicidal glutamine synthetase inhibitors such as phosphinothricin. The pat gene in p35S/Ac is under the control of the 35S promoter from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (Odell et al. (1985) Nature 313:810-812) and the 3′ region of the nopaline synthase gene from the T-DNA of the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.

The particle bombardment method (Klein et al. (1987) Nature 327:70-73) may be used to transfer genes to the callus culture cells. According to this method, gold particles (1 μm in diameter) are coated with DNA using the following technique. Ten μg of plasmid DNAs are added to 50 μL of a suspension of gold particles (60 mg per mL). Calcium chloride (50 μL of a 2.5 M solution) and spermidine free base (20 μL of a 1.0 M solution) are added to the particles. The suspension is vortexed during the addition of these solutions. After 10 minutes, the tubes are briefly centrifuged (5 sec at 15,000 rpm) and the supernatant removed. The particles are resuspended in 200 μL of absolute ethanol, centrifuged again and the supernatant removed. The ethanol rinse is performed again and the particles resuspended in a final volume of 30 μL of ethanol. An aliquot (5 μL) of the DNA-coated gold particles can be placed in the center of a Kapton™ flying disc (Bio-Rad Labs). The particles are then accelerated into the corn tissue with a Biolistic™ PDS-1000/He (Bio-Rad Instruments, Hercules Calif.), using a helium pressure of 1000 psi, a gap distance of 0.5 cm and a flying distance of 1.0 cm.

For bombardment, the embryogenic tissue is placed on filter paper over agarose-solidified N6 medium. The tissue is anranged as a thin lawn and covered a circular area of about 5 cm in diameter. The petri dish containing the tissue can be placed in the chamber of the PDS- 1000/He approximately 8 cm from the stopping screen. The air in the chamber is then evacuated to a vacuum of 28 inches of Hg. The macrocarrier is accelerated with a helium shock wave using a rupture membrane that bursts when the He pressure in the shock tube reaches 1000 psi.

Seven days after bombardment the tissue can be transferred to N6 medium that contains gluphosinate (2 mg per liter) and lacks casein or proline. The tissue continues to grow slowly on this medium. After an additional 2 weeks the tissue can be transferred to fresh N6 medium containing gluphosinate. After 6 weeks, areas of about 1 cm in diameter of actively growing callus can be identified on some of the plates containing the glufosinate-supplemented medium. These calli may continue to grow when sub-cultured on the selective medium.

Plants can be regenerated from the transgenic callus by first transferring clusters of tissue to N6 medium supplemented with 0.2 mg per liter of 2,4-D. After two weeks the tissue can be transferred to regeneration medium (Fromm et al. (I 990) Bio/Technology 8:833-839).

Example 8 Expression of Chimeric Genes in Dicot Cells

A seed-specific expression cassette composed of the promoter and transcription terminator from the gene encoding the β subunit of the seed storage protein phaseolin from the bean Phaseolus vulgaris (Doyle et al. (1986) J. Biol. Chem. 261:9228-9238) can be used for expression of the instant polypeptides in transformed soybean. The phaseolin cassette includes about 500 nucleotides upstream (5′) from the translation initiation codon and about 1650 nucleotides downstream (3′) from the translation stop codon of phaseolin. Between the 5′ and 3′ regions are the unique restriction endonuclease sites Nco I (which includes the ATG translation initiation codon), Sma I, Kpn I and Xba I. The entire cassette is flanked by Hind III sites.

The cDNA fragment of this gene may be generated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the cDNA clone using appropriate oligonucleotide primers. Cloning sites can be incorporated into the oligonucleotides to provide proper orientation of the DNA fragment when inserted into the expression vector. Amplification is then performed as described above, and the isolated fragment is inserted into a pUC18 vector carrying the seed expression cassette.

Soybean embroys may then be transformed with the expression vector comprising sequences encoding the instant polypeptides. To induce somatic embryos, cotyledons, 3-5 mm in length dissected from surface sterilized, immature seeds of the soybean cultivar A2872, can be cultured in the light or dark at 26° C. on an appropriate agar medium for 6-10 weeks. Somatic embryos which produce secondary embryos are then excised and placed into a suitable liquid medium. After repeated selection for clusters of somatic embryos which multiplied as early, globular staged embryos, the suspensions are maintained as described below.

Soybean embryogenic suspension cultures can maintained in 35 mL liquid media on a rotary shaker, 150 rpm, at 26° C. with florescent lights on a 16:8 hour day/night schedule. Cultures are subcultured every two weeks by inoculating approximately 35 mg of tissue into 35 mL of liquid medium.

Soybean embryogenic suspension cultures may then be transformed by the method of particle gun bombardment (Klein et al. (1987) Nature (London) 327:70, U.S. Pat. No. 4,945,050). A DuPont Biolistic™ PDS 1000/HE instrument (helium retrofit) can be used for these transformations.

A selectable marker gene which can be used to facilitate soybean transformation is a chimeric gene composed of the 35S promoter from Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (Odell et al. (1985) Nature 313:810-812), the hygromycin phosphotransferase gene from plasmid pJR225 (from E. coli; Gritz et al.(l 983) Gene 25:179-188) and the 3′ region of the nopaline synthase gene from the T-DNA of the Ti plasmid of Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The seed expression cassette comprising the phaseolin 5′ region, the fragment encoding the instant polypeptides and the phaseolin 3′ region can be isolated as a restriction fragment. This fragment can then be inserted into a unique restriction site of the vector carrying the marker gene.

To 50 μL of a 60 mg/mL 1 μm gold particle suspension is added (in order): 5 μL DNA (1 μg/μL), 20 μl spermidine (0.1 M), and 50 μL CaCl₂ (2.5 M). The particle preparation is then agitated for three minutes, spun in a microfuge for 10 seconds and the supernatant removed. The DNA-coated particles are then washed once in 400 μL 70% ethanol and resuspended in 40 μL of anhydrous ethanol. The DNA/particle suspension can be sonicated three times for one second each. Five μL of the DNA-coated gold particles are then loaded on each macro carrier disk.

Approximately 300-400 mg of a two-week-old suspension culture is placed in an empty 60×15 mm petri dish and the residual liquid removed from the tissue with a pipette. For each transformation experiment, approximately 5-10 plates of tissue are normally bombarded. Membrane rupture pressure is set at 1100 psi and the chamber is evacuated to a vacuum of 28 inches mercury. The tissue is placed approximately 3.5 inches away from the retaining screen and bombarded three times. Following bombardment, the tissue can be divided in half and placed back into liquid and cultured as described above.

Five to seven days post bombardment, the liquid media may be exchanged with fresh media, and eleven to twelve days post bombardment with fresh media containing 50 mg/mL hygromycin. This selective media can be refreshed weekly. Seven to eight weeks post bombardment, green, transformed tissue may be observed growing from untransformed, necrotic embryogenic clusters. Isolated green tissue is removed and inoculated into individual flasks to generate new, clonally propagated, transformed embryogenic suspension cultures. Each new line may be treated as an independent transformation event. These suspensions can then be subcultured and maintained as clusters of immature embryos or regenerated into whole plants by maturation and germination of individual somatic embryos.

Example 9 Expression of Chimeric Genes in Microbial Cells

The cDNAs encoding the instant polypeptides can be inserted into the T7 E. coli expression vector pBT430. This vector is a derivative of pET-3a (Rosenberg et al. (1987) Gene 56:125-135) which employs the bacteriophage T7 RNA polymerase/T7 promoter system. Plasmid pBT430 was constructed by first destroying the EcoR I and Hind III sites in pET-3a at their original positions. An oligonucleotide adaptor containing EcoR I and Hind III sites was inserted at the BamH I site of pET-3a. This created pET-3aM with additional unique cloning sites for insertion of genes into the expression vector. Then, the Nde I site at the position of translation initiation was converted to an Nco I site using oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis. The DNA sequence of pET-3aM in this region, 5′-CATATGG, was converted to 5′-CCCATGG in pBT430.

Plasmid DNA containing a CDNA may be appropriately digested to release a nucleic acid fragment encoding the protein. This fragment may then be purified on a 1% NuSieve GTG™ low melting agarose gel (FMC). Buffer and agarose contain 10 μg/ml ethidium bromide for visualization of the DNA fragment. The fragment can then be purified from the agarose gel by digestion with GELase™ (Epicentre Technologies) according to the manufacturer's instructions, ethanol precipitated, dried and resuspended in 20 μL of water. Appropriate oligonucleotide adapters may be ligated to the fragment using T4 DNA ligase (New England Biolabs, Beverly, Mass.). The fragment containing the ligated adapters can be purified from the excess adapters using low melting agarose as described above. The vector pBT430 is digested, dephosphorylated with alkaline phosphatase (NEB) and deproteinized with phenol/chloroform as described above. The prepared vector pBT430 and fragment can then be ligated at 16° C. for 15 hours followed by transformation into DH5 electrocompetent cells (GIBCO BRL). Transformants can be selected on agar plates containing LB media and 100 μg/mL ampicillin. Transformants containing the gene encoding the instant polypeptides are then screened for the correct orientation with respect to the T7 promoter by restriction enzyme analysis.

For high level expression, a plasmid clone with the cDNA insert in the correct orientation relative to the T7 promoter can be transformed into E. coli strain BL2 1 (DE3) (Studier et al. (1986) J. Mol. Biol. 189:113-130). Cultures are grown in LB medium containing ampicillin (100 mg/L) at 25° C. At an optical density at 600 nm of approximately 1, IPTG (isopropylthio-β-galactoside, the inducer) can be added to a final concentration of 0.4 mM and incubation can be continued for 3 h at 25°. Cells are then harvested by centrifugation and re-suspended in 50 μL of 50 mM Tris-HCl at pH 8.0 containing 0.1 mM DTT and 0.2 mM phenyl methylsulfonyl fluoride. A small amount of 1 mm glass beads can be added and the mixture sonicated 3 times for about 5 seconds each time with a microprobe sonicator. The mixture is centrifuged and the protein concentration of the supernatant determined. One μg of protein from the soluble fraction of the culture can be separated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Gels can be observed for protein bands migrating at the expected molecular weight.

Example 10 Evaluating Compounds for Their Ability to Inhibit the Activity of Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase

The polypeptides described herein may be produced using any number of methods known to those skilled in the art. Such methods include, but are not limited to, expression in bacteria as described in Example 9, or expression in eukaryotic cell culture, inplanta, and using viral expression systems in suitably infected organisms or cell lines. The instant polypeptides may be expressed either as mature forms of the proteins as observed in vivo or as fusion proteins by covalent attachment to a variety of enzymes, proteins or affinity tags. Common fusion protein partners include glutathione S-transferase (“GST”), thioredoxin (“Trx”), maltose binding protein, and C- and/or N-terminal hexahistidine polypeptide (“(His)₆”). The fusion proteins may be engineered with a protease recognition site at the fusion point so that fusion partners can be separated by protease digestion to yield intact mature enzyme. Examples of such proteases include thrombin, enterokinase and factor Xa. However, any protease can be used which specifically cleaves the peptide connecting the fusion protein and the enzyme.

Purification of the instant polypeptides, if desired, may utilize any number of separation technologies familiar to those skilled in the art of protein purification. Examples of such methods include, but are not limited to, homogenization, filtration, centrifugation, heat denaturation, ammonium sulfate precipitation, desalting, pH precipitation, ion exchange chromatography, hydrophobic interaction chromatography and affinity chromatography, wherein the affinity ligand represents a substrate, substrate analog or inhibitor. When the instant polypeptides are expressed as fusion proteins, the purification protocol may include the use of an affinity resin which is specific for the fusion protein tag attached to the expressed enzyme or an affinity resin containing ligands which are specific for the enzyme. For example, the instant polypeptides may be expressed as a fusion protein coupled to the C-terminus of thioredoxin. In addition, a (His)₆ peptide may be engineered into the N-terminus of the fused thioredoxin moiety to afford additional opportunities for affinity purification. Other suitable affinity resins could be synthesized by linking the appropriate ligands to any suitable resin such as Sepharose-4B. In an alternate embodiment, a thioredoxin fusion protein may be eluted using dithiothreitol; however, elution may be accomplished using other reagents which interact to displace the thioredoxin from the resin. These reagents include β-mercaptoethanol or other reduced thiol. The eluted fusion protein may be subjected to further purification by traditional means as stated above, if desired. Proteolytic cleavage of the thioredoxin fusion protein and the enzyme may be accomplished after the fusion protein is purified or while the protein is still bound to the ThioBond™ affinity resin or other resin.

Crude, partially purified or purified enzyme, either alone or as a fusion protein, may be utilized in assays for the evaluation of compounds for their ability to inhibit enzymatic activation of the instant polypeptides disclosed herein. Assays may be conducted under well known experimental conditions which permit optimal enzymatic activity. For example, assays for aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are presented by Zon et al. (1988) Phytochemistry 27(3):711-714 and Heacock et al. (1996) Bioorganic Chemistry 24(3):273-289.

37 1 528 DNA Zea mays 1 gcacgaggtg aacaaggaga tggcctcata ccgtttatac actgtcgtac ccagactcct 60 tggtctcatt gacagcacaa caaactggta cattcgattc aaccgaaagc gactcaaggg 120 agagaacggc cttgacgata cccttcatgc cctaaacacc ctttttgagg ttctgttcac 180 tttgtgccgt ggactggcac cttttacccc tttccttact gacaacatct acctcaagct 240 tctacctcac attcctaagg agctgcaaag tgcagatccc cgaagcgtgc acttcctgcc 300 attccccgat gttcgcgaag agctgttcga tgaagaggtg gagcgacgtg ttggtcgcat 360 gcagcgtgtc attgaacttg ctcgtgtatc gcgtgaacgt cgcgccattg gtctcaagca 420 gcctctcaag acactggtgg tcattcactc cgatcctcaa tatcttgagg atgtcaagtc 480 ccttgagaag tatatcagcg aagagttgaa tgtgcgagac ctcgtgct 528 2 175 PRT Zea mays 2 His Glu Val Asn Lys Glu Met Ala Ser Tyr Arg Leu Tyr Thr Val Val 1 5 10 15 Pro Arg Leu Leu Gly Leu Ile Asp Ser Thr Thr Asn Trp Tyr Ile Arg 20 25 30 Phe Asn Arg Lys Arg Leu Lys Gly Glu Asn Gly Leu Asp Asp Thr Leu 35 40 45 His Ala Leu Asn Thr Leu Phe Glu Val Leu Phe Thr Leu Cys Arg Gly 50 55 60 Leu Ala Pro Phe Thr Pro Phe Leu Thr Asp Asn Ile Tyr Leu Lys Leu 65 70 75 80 Leu Pro His Ile Pro Lys Glu Leu Gln Ser Ala Asp Pro Arg Ser Val 85 90 95 His Phe Leu Pro Phe Pro Asp Val Arg Glu Glu Leu Phe Asp Glu Glu 100 105 110 Val Glu Arg Arg Val Gly Arg Met Gln Arg Val Ile Glu Leu Ala Arg 115 120 125 Val Ser Arg Glu Arg Arg Ala Ile Gly Leu Lys Gln Pro Leu Lys Thr 130 135 140 Leu Val Val Ile His Ser Asp Pro Gln Tyr Leu Glu Asp Val Lys Ser 145 150 155 160 Leu Glu Lys Tyr Ile Ser Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Arg Asp Leu Val 165 170 175 3 451 DNA Oryza sativa unsure (386) unsure (417) unsure (443) unsure (449) 3 cttccccctc tcttgttcca agcccctcct ccccttaccc ccccgccgcc gccgccgccg 60 ccgcctcatc acccgaaacc ctagccccat tcgccgcggt cgccgcctca cccgaaaccc 120 tagccccatt cgccgccggg gtcgcggcct caggagcgga ggccatggag gacgtctgcg 180 aggggaagga cttctccttc cccgcggagg aggagcgcgt gctcaagctg tggtcggagc 240 tcgacgcctt ccacgagcag ctccgccgca cgaagggcgg cgaggagttc atcttctacg 300 acgggccccc gttcgccacc ggcctcccgc actatggcca catcctcgcg ggcacaatca 360 aggacgtggt cacccgccac cagtcnatgc gcggccgcca cgtctcccgc cgcttcnggt 420 gggactgcca tggctccccg tcnagttcna t 451 4 83 PRT Oryza sativa UNSURE (76) 4 Phe Ser Phe Pro Ala Glu Glu Glu Arg Val Leu Lys Leu Trp Ser Glu 1 5 10 15 Leu Asp Ala Phe His Glu Gln Leu Arg Arg Thr Lys Gly Gly Glu Glu 20 25 30 Phe Ile Phe Tyr Asp Gly Pro Pro Phe Ala Thr Gly Leu Pro His Tyr 35 40 45 Gly His Ile Leu Ala Gly Thr Ile Lys Asp Val Val Thr Arg His Gln 50 55 60 Ser Met Arg Gly Arg His Val Ser Arg Arg Phe Xaa Trp Asp Cys His 65 70 75 80 Gly Ser Pro 5 575 DNA Glycine max unsure (21) unsure (219) unsure (500) unsure (525) unsure (564) 5 taccttatca actcacctgt ngtgcgtgct gagccacttc gtttcaagaa agaaggagtt 60 tatggtgttg ttagggatgt tttcctccct tggtataatg catatcggtt ccttgttcaa 120 aatgcaaaga gggttgaagt tgaaggtcta gcaccttttg ttccctttga tcaggccaca 180 cttctgaact caacgaatgt tcttgatcaa tggattaant cagccaccca aagccttatt 240 cattttgtcc gacaagaaat ggatggttat cgcctttaca cagtggttcc ttaccttctg 300 aagtttcttg ataaccttac aaatatttat gtaaggttca atcgtaagag acttaaaggt 360 cgttctgggg aagaagactg caggatagca ctatcaactc tttaccatgt gcttttgtta 420 tcctgtaaag tgatggctcc ttttacacct ttcttcactg aggtgctcta tcaaaatatg 480 cgaaaagttt ctaatggtcn gagggaagcg tacactattg cggtnttcct ccagaagaag 540 gaggaggggg gacgactttt gcgngtgttt ttgga 575 6 106 PRT Glycine max UNSURE (18) 6 Phe Asp Gln Ala Thr Leu Leu Asn Ser Thr Asn Val Leu Asp Gln Trp 1 5 10 15 Ile Xaa Ser Ala Thr Gln Ser Leu Ile His Phe Val Arg Gln Glu Met 20 25 30 Asp Gly Tyr Arg Leu Tyr Thr Val Val Pro Tyr Leu Leu Lys Phe Leu 35 40 45 Asp Asn Leu Thr Asn Ile Tyr Val Arg Phe Asn Arg Lys Arg Leu Lys 50 55 60 Gly Arg Ser Gly Glu Glu Asp Cys Arg Ile Ala Leu Ser Thr Leu Tyr 65 70 75 80 His Val Leu Leu Leu Ser Cys Lys Val Met Ala Pro Phe Thr Pro Phe 85 90 95 Phe Thr Glu Val Leu Tyr Gln Asn Met Arg 100 105 7 572 DNA Triticum aestivum 7 gcacgagctt tagggtgatt gccgataact atgtgactga tgatagtgga accggtgttg 60 tccattgtgc tcctgcattt ggtgaagatg atcatcgcgt ttgccttagt gctggaatta 120 ttgaggctag tggacttgtt gtcgctgttg atgatgatgg tcacttcatt gagaagatat 180 ctcagttcaa agggcgacat gtcaaagagg ctgacaagga tatcatcaat gctgttaagg 240 ataaaggaag acttgttagc aaagggagca ttgagcactc ttatccgtat tgttggcgct 300 cgggcactcc tcttatttac cgggctgttc caagctggtt tatcaaggtt gaaaagatca 360 gggatcagtt actagaatgc aacaaggaga cctactgggt tccagattat gtcaaggaaa 420 agagattcca taactggcta gaaggtgcta gggactgggc tgttagcaga agtagattct 480 ggggtactcc acttccagtg tggatcagcc aagatggtga agaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 540 aaaaaaaaaa aaagaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aa 572 8 173 PRT Triticum aestivum 8 Thr Ser Phe Arg Val Ile Ala Asp Asn Tyr Val Thr Asp Asp Ser Gly 1 5 10 15 Thr Gly Val Val His Cys Ala Pro Ala Phe Gly Glu Asp Asp His Arg 20 25 30 Val Cys Leu Ser Ala Gly Ile Ile Glu Ala Ser Gly Leu Val Val Ala 35 40 45 Val Asp Asp Asp Gly His Phe Ile Glu Lys Ile Ser Gln Phe Lys Gly 50 55 60 Arg His Val Lys Glu Ala Asp Lys Asp Ile Ile Asn Ala Val Lys Asp 65 70 75 80 Lys Gly Arg Leu Val Ser Lys Gly Ser Ile Glu His Ser Tyr Pro Tyr 85 90 95 Cys Trp Arg Ser Gly Thr Pro Leu Ile Tyr Arg Ala Val Pro Ser Trp 100 105 110 Phe Ile Lys Val Glu Lys Ile Arg Asp Gln Leu Leu Glu Cys Asn Lys 115 120 125 Glu Thr Tyr Trp Val Pro Asp Tyr Val Lys Glu Lys Arg Phe His Asn 130 135 140 Trp Leu Glu Gly Ala Arg Asp Trp Ala Val Ser Arg Ser Arg Phe Trp 145 150 155 160 Gly Thr Pro Leu Pro Val Trp Ile Ser Gln Asp Gly Glu 165 170 9 2175 DNA Zea mays 9 acttgagcct ccaccttctc cgcgtctcac cttcttctcc gttctccttc cgctcccctc 60 ttcacaacga agccctagtg tcccgcgaca tggcatctgg tctggaggag aaactcgcgg 120 ggctctcaac gggcggcgac gggcaaaatc ctccgccggc gggtgagggc ggagaggagc 180 cgcagctctc gaagaatgcg aagaagagag aggagaagag gaagaagctg gaagaggagc 240 ggaggctcaa ggaggaagag aagaagaaca aggctgcggc tgccagtgga aaacctcaga 300 aggcatctgc tgctgacgat gatgacatgg atcccactca atactatgag aataggctca 360 aggctcttga ttcactgaag gccacaggtg taaaccccta tccccataag ttcccggttg 420 gcatttctgt acccgaatac attgagaagt acaggacctt gagcgagggg gagaagctta 480 cagatgtggc agagtgttta gctgggagga tcatgaacaa gagaacatcg tcgtcgaagc 540 tattctttta tgatctttat ggtggtggca tgaaggttca agtgatggct gatgccagga 600 cctcagagtt ggatgaagct gaattttcta agtaccactc aggtgtgaag cgaggtgata 660 ttgttggcat atgtggatat ccaggaaaaa gcaaccgagg ggagcttagt gtatttccaa 720 agagatttgt cgtcctctct ccatgtcttc atatgatgcc tcgacagaag ggtgaaggaa 780 gtgcagtgcc tgtaccgtgg actccaggaa tgggtaggaa catcgaaaat tatgttttga 840 gggaccagga aactcggtat cgtcaaaggt atcttgatct tatggtaaac catgaagtga 900 ggcacatctt caagacacga tctaaaattg tctcatttat ccgaaagttt cttgatgacc 960 gtgaattttt ggaggtggag actccgatga tgaacatgat tgctggtgga gcagctgcaa 1020 ggccttttgt tacacatcac aatgaattaa acatgcggct ttttatgcgc attgctcctg 1080 aattatatct gaaggaactg gttgttggtg gattggaccg tgtttatgaa attggaaagc 1140 aattcaggaa tgaaggaatt gatttaacac acaatcctga attcacaact tgtgaatttt 1200 atatggcgta tgcagattat aatgatttga tggagcttac tgaaaccatg ttgtcaggca 1260 tggttaagga cctgacaggt ggctataaga taaaatatca tgcaaatgga gttactaacc 1320 ccccaataga aattgatttc acgcctccct tcagaaggat agatatgatt aaagatttgg 1380 aggctatggc caatctcagt ataccaaaag atctatcaag tgatgaagcg aatcgttatt 1440 tgatagaagc atgtgtgaag tatgatgtga aatgtccacc tccccaaacg acatcgcggt 1500 tgcttgacaa gttggttggc catttcttgg aggagacatg tgtgaatcca acatttatca 1560 tcaatcatcc agagataatg agtccattag caaagtggca taggtcccga cctggattga 1620 ctgagaggtt cgagttgttt gttaacaaac atgaggtgtg caacgcatac acagagttga 1680 acgatcctgt tgtgcagagg caacggtttg aggaacaact aaaggaccgt caatctggtg 1740 atgacgaagc tatggctttg gacgaaacat tctgtactgc ccttgagtat ggtttggcac 1800 caacaggtgg ttggggcttg ggaattgatc gcctcacgat gttgctaaca gattctcaga 1860 acattaagga agtacttcta ttcccggcta tgaagcctca agagtagtaa tccacagcca 1920 aaagccacaa aaggctcaaa gcaaacatga tgctacatag gctggaggat acatcaaagt 1980 tggacctgtt gtgaattata cttatttttg ctcttgtgcg tgcgaggttt ccatttttca 2040 ttatttgtat ttcccagcag acagttatta actaaatact gtaacgtcac agtaagttca 2100 gtttaacttc aaacattgta gttttgagga gattgcaaat atttcgggtc aatgcaattg 2160 gtgcttttga tagcc 2175 10 634 PRT Zea mays 10 Leu Ser Leu His Leu Leu Arg Val Ser Pro Ser Ser Pro Phe Ser Phe 1 5 10 15 Arg Ser Pro Leu His Asn Glu Ala Leu Val Ser Arg Asp Met Ala Ser 20 25 30 Gly Leu Glu Glu Lys Leu Ala Gly Leu Ser Thr Gly Gly Asp Gly Gln 35 40 45 Asn Pro Pro Pro Ala Gly Glu Gly Gly Glu Glu Pro Gln Leu Ser Lys 50 55 60 Asn Ala Lys Lys Arg Glu Glu Lys Arg Lys Lys Leu Glu Glu Glu Arg 65 70 75 80 Arg Leu Lys Glu Glu Glu Lys Lys Asn Lys Ala Ala Ala Ala Ser Gly 85 90 95 Lys Pro Gln Lys Ala Ser Ala Ala Asp Asp Asp Asp Met Asp Pro Thr 100 105 110 Gln Tyr Tyr Glu Asn Arg Leu Lys Ala Leu Asp Ser Leu Lys Ala Thr 115 120 125 Gly Val Asn Pro Tyr Pro His Lys Phe Pro Val Gly Ile Ser Val Pro 130 135 140 Glu Tyr Ile Glu Lys Tyr Arg Thr Leu Ser Glu Gly Glu Lys Leu Thr 145 150 155 160 Asp Val Ala Glu Cys Leu Ala Gly Arg Ile Met Asn Lys Arg Thr Ser 165 170 175 Ser Ser Lys Leu Phe Phe Tyr Asp Leu Tyr Gly Gly Gly Met Lys Val 180 185 190 Gln Val Met Ala Asp Ala Arg Thr Ser Glu Leu Asp Glu Ala Glu Phe 195 200 205 Ser Lys Tyr His Ser Gly Val Lys Arg Gly Asp Ile Val Gly Ile Cys 210 215 220 Gly Tyr Pro Gly Lys Ser Asn Arg Gly Glu Leu Ser Val Phe Pro Lys 225 230 235 240 Arg Phe Val Val Leu Ser Pro Cys Leu His Met Met Pro Arg Gln Lys 245 250 255 Gly Glu Gly Ser Ala Val Pro Val Pro Trp Thr Pro Gly Met Gly Arg 260 265 270 Asn Ile Glu Asn Tyr Val Leu Arg Asp Gln Glu Thr Arg Tyr Arg Gln 275 280 285 Arg Tyr Leu Asp Leu Met Val Asn His Glu Val Arg His Ile Phe Lys 290 295 300 Thr Arg Ser Lys Ile Val Ser Phe Ile Arg Lys Phe Leu Asp Asp Arg 305 310 315 320 Glu Phe Leu Glu Val Glu Thr Pro Met Met Asn Met Ile Ala Gly Gly 325 330 335 Ala Ala Ala Arg Pro Phe Val Thr His His Asn Glu Leu Asn Met Arg 340 345 350 Leu Phe Met Arg Ile Ala Pro Glu Leu Tyr Leu Lys Glu Leu Val Val 355 360 365 Gly Gly Leu Asp Arg Val Tyr Glu Ile Gly Lys Gln Phe Arg Asn Glu 370 375 380 Gly Ile Asp Leu Thr His Asn Pro Glu Phe Thr Thr Cys Glu Phe Tyr 385 390 395 400 Met Ala Tyr Ala Asp Tyr Asn Asp Leu Met Glu Leu Thr Glu Thr Met 405 410 415 Leu Ser Gly Met Val Lys Asp Leu Thr Gly Gly Tyr Lys Ile Lys Tyr 420 425 430 His Ala Asn Gly Val Thr Asn Pro Pro Ile Glu Ile Asp Phe Thr Pro 435 440 445 Pro Phe Arg Arg Ile Asp Met Ile Lys Asp Leu Glu Ala Met Ala Asn 450 455 460 Leu Ser Ile Pro Lys Asp Leu Ser Ser Asp Glu Ala Asn Arg Tyr Leu 465 470 475 480 Ile Glu Ala Cys Val Lys Tyr Asp Val Lys Cys Pro Pro Pro Gln Thr 485 490 495 Thr Ser Arg Leu Leu Asp Lys Leu Val Gly His Phe Leu Glu Glu Thr 500 505 510 Cys Val Asn Pro Thr Phe Ile Ile Asn His Pro Glu Ile Met Ser Pro 515 520 525 Leu Ala Lys Trp His Arg Ser Arg Pro Gly Leu Thr Glu Arg Phe Glu 530 535 540 Leu Phe Val Asn Lys His Glu Val Cys Asn Ala Tyr Thr Glu Leu Asn 545 550 555 560 Asp Pro Val Val Gln Arg Gln Arg Phe Glu Glu Gln Leu Lys Asp Arg 565 570 575 Gln Ser Gly Asp Asp Glu Ala Met Ala Leu Asp Glu Thr Phe Cys Thr 580 585 590 Ala Leu Glu Tyr Gly Leu Ala Pro Thr Gly Gly Trp Gly Leu Gly Ile 595 600 605 Asp Arg Leu Thr Met Leu Leu Thr Asp Ser Gln Asn Ile Lys Glu Val 610 615 620 Leu Leu Phe Pro Ala Met Lys Pro Gln Glu 625 630 11 604 DNA Oryza sativa unsure (396) unsure (408) unsure (478) unsure (536) unsure (570) unsure (573) unsure (597)..(598) unsure (603) 11 tgacttttta gaggtggaga ctccaatgat gaacatgatt gcaggtggag cagctgcaag 60 gccttttgtc acacatcata atgagttaaa catgaggctt tatatgcgta ttgctcctga 120 gctctatctg aaggaattgg ttgttggggg gctggatcgt gtttatgaaa ttgggaagca 180 gttcaggaat gaaggaattg acctgacgca caatcctgaa ttcacaacat gtgaatttta 240 tatggcatat gcagattaca atgacttgat agagcttact gaaaccatgt tatctggtat 300 ggttaaggag ttgacaggtg gctacaagat taaatatcat gctaacggag ttgagaaacc 360 accaatagag attgatttca cacctccctt cagaangata gacatgantg aagaattaga 420 ggctatggct aaactcaata tacctaaaga tctctcaagt gatgaagcaa acaagtantt 480 gatagatgcc tgtgccaaat atgatgtcaa atgcccacct ccccagacta caacanggtt 540 gcttgataag ctagtggcca tttcttggan ggnacatgtg tgaatcccac gtttatnnca 600 acna 604 12 125 PRT Oryza sativa 12 Asp Phe Leu Glu Val Glu Thr Pro Met Met Asn Met Ile Ala Gly Gly 1 5 10 15 Ala Ala Ala Arg Pro Phe Val Thr His His Asn Glu Leu Asn Met Arg 20 25 30 Leu Tyr Met Arg Ile Ala Pro Glu Leu Tyr Leu Lys Glu Leu Val Val 35 40 45 Gly Gly Leu Asp Arg Val Tyr Glu Ile Gly Lys Gln Phe Arg Asn Glu 50 55 60 Gly Ile Asp Leu Thr His Asn Pro Glu Phe Thr Thr Cys Glu Phe Tyr 65 70 75 80 Met Ala Tyr Ala Asp Tyr Asn Asp Leu Ile Glu Leu Thr Glu Thr Met 85 90 95 Leu Ser Gly Met Val Lys Glu Leu Thr Gly Gly Tyr Lys Ile Lys Tyr 100 105 110 His Ala Asn Gly Val Glu Lys Pro Leu Asp Lys Leu Val 115 120 125 13 2143 DNA Glycine max 13 gcacgagctg agtcagttaa accctagttg ttgtcctcac actctcccaa gcaatggaag 60 ttccttcgga agcgccgtct accggcatcg ccgccgaaac cataagcaaa aatgcgctga 120 agcgcgaact caagaacaaa cagaaagaag aagaaaggaa acgcaaggag gaggacaagg 180 ccaaaaaggc agctgaaatg cagaaggcta aggataacaa atctgcacct gctgatgaag 240 atgatatgga cccaactcaa taccttgaga ataggctaaa gtatcttgca gttcaaaagg 300 cagaggggaa taacccctat cctcacaaat tctttgtcac tatgtctctt gatcaataca 360 tcaaggaata tggaggttta agcaacgggc agcacctcga ggatgtctct gtgtctatgg 420 ctggccgaat catgcacaag cgcacctctg gttctaaact cgtcttttat gacctgcaca 480 gtggtggctt caaggtccag gttatggctg atgcgagtaa atcagacttg gatgaggctg 540 aattttccaa attccattct aatgtgaagc gtggggacat agttggtatc actgggtttc 600 caggcaaaag taagaagggt gaacttagta ttttccccaa gacttttgtg ttgctgtctc 660 attgtttgca tatgatgcca aggcaaaagt ctgctgctgc tgcggataat gcaaatttga 720 agaaaaatcc atgggtacca ggaagtacca ggaatcctga aacatatatt ttgaaagatc 780 aggaaactag gtatcggtaa cgccatttgg atttgatgct taacccagag gttcgagaaa 840 tatttaagac ccggtctaaa atcatttgtt acattaggag gttccttgat gaccttgatt 900 tcttggaggt tgaaacacca atgatgaaca tgattgctgg tggagctgca gcccgtccat 960 ttgtaactca tcacaatgat cttaacatga ggttattcat gaggattgct ccagaactgt 1020 atcttaagga gttggttgtt ggtggactgg atcgtgttta tgaaattggt aaacaattta 1080 ggaatgaggg catagatttg acccataatc ctgagtttac tacctgtgag ttctatatgg 1140 cttataagga ctacaacgac ttgatggata taacagagca aatgttgagt ggtatggtta 1200 aggaacttac caaagcagct ataaaatcaa gtatcatgct gatgggattg acaaggaacc 1260 tattgaaatt gactttactc ctccttttag aaggattgac atgattgatg aattagagaa 1320 ggtggcaggc ctaagtattc ccaaagactt gtcgagtgag gaagctaatc aatatttgaa 1380 ggacacatgc ttgaagtatg agatcaaatg tcctccccct gagacaactg ctcgtttgtt 1440 ggataaactt gttggtcact ttttggaaga gacgtgtgta aatcctacat tcatcataaa 1500 ccaccctgag atcatgagtc ctttagcaaa gtggcacaga tcaaaacgag gcctgactga 1560 acgttttgaa ttgtttgtta ataagcatga actttgcaat gcatatactg aattgaatga 1620 ccctgtagta caacgacaaa gatttgcaga acaactcaag gatcgacaat caggtgatga 1680 tgaagcaatg gccttcgatg aaacattttg tacggctcta gagtatggtt tgccacctac 1740 tggtggttgg ggtttgggaa ttgatcgttt gaccatgtta ctgacagact cacagaatat 1800 taaggaggtt cttctcttcc ctgccatgaa acctcaagac tgagccttca gtcaaagcta 1860 tgtttaaatc tcagcagtaa aatcatacac ttcaacagga acatgagaaa ggcaagatga 1920 ttaacatggg atctcaattt tgatttatgt acttgattag gagacttgcc atcgactggt 1980 catgcattat ccacatttgt tgatctattt cttaagggcg gttgggaggg acgttattct 2040 agattttttt tgttgttgtg atcgcattga atgtgatgtc atataccagc ttttttttat 2100 tacatacttt gagatttgag acaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaa 2143 14 599 PRT Glycine max UNSURE (392)..(393)..(394) 14 Leu Thr Leu Ser Gln Ala Met Glu Val Pro Ser Glu Ala Pro Ser Thr 1 5 10 15 Gly Ile Ala Ala Glu Thr Ile Ser Lys Asn Ala Leu Lys Arg Glu Leu 20 25 30 Lys Asn Lys Gln Lys Glu Glu Glu Arg Lys Arg Lys Glu Glu Asp Lys 35 40 45 Ala Lys Lys Ala Ala Glu Met Gln Lys Ala Lys Asp Asn Lys Ser Ala 50 55 60 Pro Ala Asp Glu Asp Asp Met Asp Pro Thr Gln Tyr Leu Glu Asn Arg 65 70 75 80 Leu Lys Tyr Leu Ala Val Gln Lys Ala Glu Gly Asn Asn Pro Tyr Pro 85 90 95 His Lys Phe Phe Val Thr Met Ser Leu Asp Gln Tyr Ile Lys Glu Tyr 100 105 110 Gly Gly Leu Ser Asn Gly Gln His Leu Glu Asp Val Ser Val Ser Met 115 120 125 Ala Gly Arg Ile Met His Lys Arg Thr Ser Gly Ser Lys Leu Val Phe 130 135 140 Tyr Asp Leu His Ser Gly Gly Phe Lys Val Gln Val Met Ala Asp Ala 145 150 155 160 Ser Lys Ser Asp Leu Asp Glu Ala Glu Phe Ser Lys Phe His Ser Asn 165 170 175 Val Lys Arg Gly Asp Ile Val Gly Ile Thr Gly Phe Pro Gly Lys Ser 180 185 190 Lys Lys Gly Glu Leu Ser Ile Phe Pro Lys Thr Phe Val Leu Leu Ser 195 200 205 His Cys Leu His Met Met Pro Arg Gln Lys Ser Ala Ala Ala Ala Asp 210 215 220 Asn Ala Asn Leu Lys Lys Asn Pro Trp Val Pro Gly Ser Thr Arg Asn 225 230 235 240 Pro Glu Thr Tyr Ile Leu Lys Asp Gln Glu Thr Arg Tyr Arg Arg His 245 250 255 Leu Asp Leu Met Leu Asn Pro Glu Val Arg Glu Ile Phe Lys Thr Arg 260 265 270 Ser Lys Ile Ile Cys Tyr Ile Arg Arg Phe Leu Asp Asp Leu Asp Phe 275 280 285 Leu Glu Val Glu Thr Pro Met Met Asn Met Ile Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala 290 295 300 Ala Arg Pro Phe Val Thr His His Asn Asp Leu Asn Met Arg Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Met Arg Ile Ala Pro Glu Leu Tyr Leu Lys Glu Leu Val Val Gly Gly 325 330 335 Leu Asp Arg Val Tyr Glu Ile Gly Lys Gln Phe Arg Asn Glu Gly Ile 340 345 350 Asp Leu Thr His Asn Pro Glu Phe Thr Thr Cys Glu Phe Tyr Met Ala 355 360 365 Tyr Lys Asp Tyr Asn Asp Leu Met Asp Ile Thr Glu Gln Met Leu Ser 370 375 380 Gly Met Val Lys Glu Leu Thr Xaa Xaa Xaa Tyr Lys Ile Lys Tyr His 385 390 395 400 Ala Asp Gly Ile Asp Lys Glu Pro Ile Glu Ile Asp Phe Thr Pro Pro 405 410 415 Phe Arg Arg Ile Asp Met Ile Asp Glu Leu Glu Lys Val Ala Gly Leu 420 425 430 Ser Ile Pro Lys Asp Leu Ser Ser Glu Glu Ala Asn Gln Tyr Leu Lys 435 440 445 Asp Thr Cys Leu Lys Tyr Glu Ile Lys Cys Pro Pro Pro Glu Thr Thr 450 455 460 Ala Arg Leu Leu Asp Lys Leu Val Gly His Phe Leu Glu Glu Thr Cys 465 470 475 480 Val Asn Pro Thr Phe Ile Ile Asn His Pro Glu Ile Met Ser Pro Leu 485 490 495 Ala Lys Trp His Arg Ser Lys Arg Gly Leu Thr Glu Arg Phe Glu Leu 500 505 510 Phe Val Asn Lys His Glu Leu Cys Asn Ala Tyr Thr Glu Leu Asn Asp 515 520 525 Pro Val Val Gln Arg Gln Arg Phe Ala Glu Gln Leu Lys Asp Arg Gln 530 535 540 Ser Gly Asp Asp Glu Ala Met Ala Phe Asp Glu Thr Phe Cys Thr Ala 545 550 555 560 Leu Glu Tyr Gly Leu Pro Pro Thr Gly Gly Trp Gly Leu Gly Ile Asp 565 570 575 Arg Leu Thr Met Leu Leu Thr Asp Ser Gln Asn Ile Lys Glu Val Leu 580 585 590 Leu Phe Pro Ala Met Lys Pro 595 15 702 DNA Triticum aestivum 15 gcacgaggct tgacaagcta gtgggccatt tcttggagga aacatgtgtg aacccaacat 60 ttattatcaa ccacccagag ataatgagtc cattggcaaa gtggcatagg tcccgacctg 120 ggttgacaga aaggtttgag ctctttgtta acaaacacga ggtgtgcaat gcctacactg 180 agttgaacga tcctgttgtg caaaggcaac ggtttgagga acaactaaag gatcgtcaat 240 ctggtgatga tgaagctatg gctttggacg aaacattctg cactgccctc gagtatgggc 300 tgcctccgac aggtggttgg ggtttgggaa ttgatcgcct tacaatgatg ctgacagatt 360 cccagaacat caaggaagtt ctcttgttcc cggccatgaa gccccaagag tagctgtttg 420 caagcccatc aacagagtaa ttttgttttg ctgcgctgag gttggaggat tatgacatgt 480 gacaatacaa cgagttttaa ctgtgccgga caaaacatgt gtagcagcac tggaggtaca 540 agctactttt gcgtggaagg gttgttgaaa atttgaactc cggttaggag gaagagtgag 600 gcatatgaag caagaatcag aaggagacag tgtgctacat gtttgcttgt tttctttttg 660 gaagatcaaa atttagtgct tggtattgtt atacactttt tt 702 16 136 PRT Triticum aestivum 16 Thr Arg Leu Asp Lys Leu Val Gly His Phe Leu Glu Glu Thr Cys Val 1 5 10 15 Asn Pro Thr Phe Ile Ile Asn His Pro Glu Ile Met Ser Pro Leu Ala 20 25 30 Lys Trp His Arg Ser Arg Pro Gly Leu Thr Glu Arg Phe Glu Leu Phe 35 40 45 Val Asn Lys His Glu Val Cys Asn Ala Tyr Thr Glu Leu Asn Asp Pro 50 55 60 Val Val Gln Arg Gln Arg Phe Glu Glu Gln Leu Lys Asp Arg Gln Ser 65 70 75 80 Gly Asp Asp Glu Ala Met Ala Leu Asp Glu Thr Phe Cys Thr Ala Leu 85 90 95 Glu Tyr Gly Leu Pro Pro Thr Gly Gly Trp Gly Leu Gly Ile Asp Arg 100 105 110 Leu Thr Met Met Leu Thr Asp Ser Gln Asn Ile Lys Glu Val Leu Leu 115 120 125 Phe Pro Ala Met Lys Pro Gln Glu 130 135 17 1430 DNA Zea mays 17 cgaaccgctc gctgctggct cctccgcgcg cgtgttcgcg gcatggccac gcttccaatg 60 gcgctctccc ccgccgccat ttcccccttc accaccctcc ccctctacta ttcttcgcgt 120 cctcaccgcc gcctcctcgc ccgcttcttc tccgtcgctt cggcaccggg cggagcgaaa 180 gggcaccgac cggcggcctc cgccgttgag gtgggcggcg tcaagatcgc gcgcgaggat 240 gttgtgaagg aggatgatcc gacaaacaac gtgcccgaca atatcttttc gaagatcggc 300 ctgcagctgc acaggaggga taaccatccc cttgggattt tgaagaacac aatttatgat 360 tactttgaca agaacttcac tgggcagttt gacaagtttg atgacctttg ccctcttgtt 420 tctgtcaagc agaattttga tgatgtcttg gtcccttctg accatgtaag ccggagttac 480 aacgacacat attatgttga tggtcaaaca gtcttaaggt gtcataccag tgctcatcaa 540 gctgagctgc taaggcatgg acatacacac tttcttgtaa ctggagatgt ttaccgtagg 600 gattccattg attcaactca ctatcctgtc ttccatcaga tggaagggtt ccgtgtcttc 660 tctcctgatg aatggtcagg gtctcgcatg ggtgggacag catatgcagc tgcagaactc 720 aagaaaacac tggaaggctt ggcaagacat ctatttggtg ctgtagagat gcgatgggtt 780 gacacttact tcccatttac caacccatcc tttgagctcg aaatatactt tcaggatgat 840 tggttggagg ttttggggtg tggagtcacc gagcaggaaa ttttgaaaag aaatggcagg 900 agggaccatg tggcatgggc ctttggattg ggcttggagc gccttgcaat ggtccttttc 960 gacattccag atattcgact attctggtcg aatgataaac ggttcacgtc ccagttctca 1020 gaaggcaagc ttggtgtcaa gttcaagcca ttttcaaagt ttcctccttg ttacaaggat 1080 atgagtttct ggatcaatga tgcatttaca gaaaacaact tatgtgaggt tgtcagagga 1140 attgctggtg atcttgttga ggaggtaaaa cttattgata atttcacgaa caagaaaggc 1200 atgacgagcc attgctatag aatagcctat aggtcgatgg aacgctcgct cacagacgag 1260 gagattaaca atcttcagtt gaatgtcagg gaagctgtga aagataaatt ggaagtagag 1320 ttgagataga agcagctagc tatgcagtta taccatgaac taaattttgc ctctctttat 1380 atgtaaatcc atttaaaatg atttttttgt atctatcaag aaaatgcacc 1430 18 442 PRT Zea mays 18 Arg Thr Ala Arg Cys Trp Leu Leu Arg Ala Arg Val Arg Gly Met Ala 1 5 10 15 Thr Leu Pro Met Ala Leu Ser Pro Ala Ala Ile Ser Pro Phe Thr Thr 20 25 30 Leu Pro Leu Tyr Tyr Ser Ser Arg Pro His Arg Arg Leu Leu Ala Arg 35 40 45 Phe Phe Ser Val Ala Ser Ala Pro Gly Gly Ala Lys Gly His Arg Pro 50 55 60 Ala Ala Ser Ala Val Glu Val Gly Gly Val Lys Ile Ala Arg Glu Asp 65 70 75 80 Val Val Lys Glu Asp Asp Pro Thr Asn Asn Val Pro Asp Asn Ile Phe 85 90 95 Ser Lys Ile Gly Leu Gln Leu His Arg Arg Asp Asn His Pro Leu Gly 100 105 110 Ile Leu Lys Asn Thr Ile Tyr Asp Tyr Phe Asp Lys Asn Phe Thr Gly 115 120 125 Gln Phe Asp Lys Phe Asp Asp Leu Cys Pro Leu Val Ser Val Lys Gln 130 135 140 Asn Phe Asp Asp Val Leu Val Pro Ser Asp His Val Ser Arg Ser Tyr 145 150 155 160 Asn Asp Thr Tyr Tyr Val Asp Gly Gln Thr Val Leu Arg Cys His Thr 165 170 175 Ser Ala His Gln Ala Glu Leu Leu Arg His Gly His Thr His Phe Leu 180 185 190 Val Thr Gly Asp Val Tyr Arg Arg Asp Ser Ile Asp Ser Thr His Tyr 195 200 205 Pro Val Phe His Gln Met Glu Gly Phe Arg Val Phe Ser Pro Asp Glu 210 215 220 Trp Ser Gly Ser Arg Met Gly Gly Thr Ala Tyr Ala Ala Ala Glu Leu 225 230 235 240 Lys Lys Thr Leu Glu Gly Leu Ala Arg His Leu Phe Gly Ala Val Glu 245 250 255 Met Arg Trp Val Asp Thr Tyr Phe Pro Phe Thr Asn Pro Ser Phe Glu 260 265 270 Leu Glu Ile Tyr Phe Gln Asp Asp Trp Leu Glu Val Leu Gly Cys Gly 275 280 285 Val Thr Glu Gln Glu Ile Leu Lys Arg Asn Gly Arg Arg Asp His Val 290 295 300 Ala Trp Ala Phe Gly Leu Gly Leu Glu Arg Leu Ala Met Val Leu Phe 305 310 315 320 Asp Ile Pro Asp Ile Arg Leu Phe Trp Ser Asn Asp Lys Arg Phe Thr 325 330 335 Ser Gln Phe Ser Glu Gly Lys Leu Gly Val Lys Phe Lys Pro Phe Ser 340 345 350 Lys Phe Pro Pro Cys Tyr Lys Asp Met Ser Phe Trp Ile Asn Asp Ala 355 360 365 Phe Thr Glu Asn Asn Leu Cys Glu Val Val Arg Gly Ile Ala Gly Asp 370 375 380 Leu Val Glu Glu Val Lys Leu Ile Asp Asn Phe Thr Asn Lys Lys Gly 385 390 395 400 Met Thr Ser His Cys Tyr Arg Ile Ala Tyr Arg Ser Met Glu Arg Ser 405 410 415 Leu Thr Asp Glu Glu Ile Asn Asn Leu Gln Leu Asn Val Arg Glu Ala 420 425 430 Val Lys Asp Lys Leu Glu Val Glu Leu Arg 435 440 19 1000 DNA Oryza sativa 19 gcacgagtgg taccaacagc atcctgctcg ggattcacac gatacatttt ttcttgaagc 60 ccctgccgct acaaaacaat tgcctgaaga ttatcttgag aaagtaaagg aagttcatca 120 acgtggtggt tatggctcca agggatatgg ctatgactgg aaacgggatg aagcagagaa 180 aaacctgctt cgtacccaca ctacagcagt ttcaacaagg atgctataca agctagcaca 240 agagaaacct tttgccccta agaggtacta ctccattgat cgtgttttcc gcaatgaagc 300 tgtggaccgg actcatcttg cggaattcca ccagattgaa ggtctcattt gtgattatgg 360 tttgacgctg ggtgatctga ttggtgtatt ggaggatttc ttctcgagtc taggcatgtc 420 aaagctgcgt ttcaagcctg cctacaatcc atacaccgag ccgagcatgg aaattttcag 480 ttaccatgaa ggtttgaaga aatgggtgga agttggtaac tctggcatgt tcagacctga 540 aatgttactt cccatgggac tgccagaggg tgttaatgtt attgcatggg gtctttcact 600 agaaaggcca acaatgattc tttacggcat cgacaacatt cgagacctct ttggaccaaa 660 ggttgatttc aacctcatca agagcaaccc tctctgccgc ttgggactgc agtaaaacct 720 tgcaaaagtt ggttggaagt gattaagtaa caagatttgt ttagttgatc agtggttgaa 780 cgtgaagaga tcatttctgg cttaccttga aacaccaata catgtgcatt tagcagaggt 840 ttttgtatta cagttttgag tgatatgaga ctaccagcca atttttgtgt gtgtccatat 900 tcgaatactt tgatacattt taattgagca catccaatgt atgaagtggt catctgccgc 960 tgcggttgct tgaatcaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 1000 20 237 PRT Oryza sativa 20 His Glu Trp Tyr Gln Gln His Pro Ala Arg Asp Ser His Asp Thr Phe 1 5 10 15 Phe Leu Glu Ala Pro Ala Ala Thr Lys Gln Leu Pro Glu Asp Tyr Leu 20 25 30 Glu Lys Val Lys Glu Val His Gln Arg Gly Gly Tyr Gly Ser Lys Gly 35 40 45 Tyr Gly Tyr Asp Trp Lys Arg Asp Glu Ala Glu Lys Asn Leu Leu Arg 50 55 60 Thr His Thr Thr Ala Val Ser Thr Arg Met Leu Tyr Lys Leu Ala Gln 65 70 75 80 Glu Lys Pro Phe Ala Pro Lys Arg Tyr Tyr Ser Ile Asp Arg Val Phe 85 90 95 Arg Asn Glu Ala Val Asp Arg Thr His Leu Ala Glu Phe His Gln Ile 100 105 110 Glu Gly Leu Ile Cys Asp Tyr Gly Leu Thr Leu Gly Asp Leu Ile Gly 115 120 125 Val Leu Glu Asp Phe Phe Ser Ser Leu Gly Met Ser Lys Leu Arg Phe 130 135 140 Lys Pro Ala Tyr Asn Pro Tyr Thr Glu Pro Ser Met Glu Ile Phe Ser 145 150 155 160 Tyr His Glu Gly Leu Lys Lys Trp Val Glu Val Gly Asn Ser Gly Met 165 170 175 Phe Arg Pro Glu Met Leu Leu Pro Met Gly Leu Pro Glu Gly Val Asn 180 185 190 Val Ile Ala Trp Gly Leu Ser Leu Glu Arg Pro Thr Met Ile Leu Tyr 195 200 205 Gly Ile Asp Asn Ile Arg Asp Leu Phe Gly Pro Lys Val Asp Phe Asn 210 215 220 Leu Ile Lys Ser Asn Pro Leu Cys Arg Leu Gly Leu Gln 225 230 235 21 387 DNA Glycine max unsure (337) unsure (379) 21 gattgccaat ggatcatgga aagaaaaatc attcaaatct ttgaatttag gaaaaggagt 60 catgggtgtc cctccaaatg gtggccatct tcacacttta cttaaatgca gaactatgat 120 gaaagaaatc ttcttggaaa tgggatttga agaaatgcca accaacaatt acgttgaatc 180 ttctttctgg aattttgata ctttatttca acctcaacaa catcctgctc gtgatgctca 240 cgatactttc ttcctttctg aacctgcatc tgccaaatcc attccacaag attatttaga 300 aagagtgaaa acaatgcatg agaaaggagg gcacggntct attggttgga gatacgactg 360 gagtggaaac tgagtccana aaaaaaa 387 22 123 PRT Glycine max 22 Ile Ala Asn Gly Ser Trp Lys Glu Lys Ser Phe Lys Ser Leu Asn Leu 1 5 10 15 Gly Lys Gly Val Met Gly Val Pro Pro Asn Gly Gly His Leu His Thr 20 25 30 Leu Leu Lys Cys Arg Thr Met Met Lys Glu Ile Phe Leu Glu Met Gly 35 40 45 Phe Glu Glu Met Pro Thr Asn Asn Tyr Val Glu Ser Ser Phe Trp Asn 50 55 60 Phe Asp Thr Leu Phe Gln Pro Gln Gln His Pro Ala Arg Asp Ala His 65 70 75 80 Asp Thr Phe Phe Leu Ser Glu Pro Ala Ser Ala Lys Ser Ile Pro Gln 85 90 95 Asp Tyr Leu Glu Arg Val Lys Thr Met His Glu Lys Gly Gly His Gly 100 105 110 Ser Ile Gly Trp Arg Tyr Asp Trp Ser Gly Asn 115 120 23 1074 DNA Triticum aestivum 23 gcacgaggga caacctattg cgataggata tagccaaccg ttgttagagg tccgtgaggc 60 aatccagaac atttttctcg agatggggtt cagtgagatg ccaacgaaca tgtatgtaga 120 gagcagcttc tggaattttg atgcactgtt ccagccacaa cagcatcctg ctcgtgattc 180 acacgatacc tttttcctca aagcccctgc tacaacaaca caattacctg atgactatct 240 tgagaaagta aagcaagtac atcagtctgg tggtcatggc tccaaaggat atggttacga 300 ttggaagcga gatgaagcag agaaaaacct gcttcgtact cacacaactg cagtttcaac 360 aaggatgcta tacaagctag cacaggagaa aacttttgct cctaagagat actattctat 420 tgatcgtgtt ttccggaatg aagctgtgga ccgaactcat cttgcagaat tccaccagat 480 agaaggtctt atttgtgatt atggtttgac gcttggtgat ctgataggtg tattggagga 540 tttcttctcc agactaggca tgtcaaagct gcgtttcaaa cctgcctaca acccgtacac 600 tgaaccaagc atggaaattt tcagctacca cgatggtctg aagaaatggg tggaaatagg 660 caactcaggc atgttcaggc cggaaatgtt acttcccatg ggactgccag agggtgttaa 720 tgttatcgca tggggtcttt cgcttgaaag gccaacaatg attctgtatg ggattgacaa 780 catacgtgat ctctttgggc caaaggtcga cttcaatctg atcaagagca gcccgatttg 840 ccgcttgggg ctgtagtgtg gtgagcttga tagaacttta tctggatgtc tggatgcgaa 900 ggatgtttat ttgtggttat acctttgaaa accagtactt gtgcatttaa cagagggagt 960 gcagaaatac acacatgtag ctctgaattg caaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa 1020 aataaaaaaa aaacaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa tactcgaggg ggggccgtac caca 1074 24 284 PRT Triticum aestivum 24 His Glu Gly Gln Pro Ile Ala Ile Gly Tyr Ser Gln Pro Leu Leu Glu 1 5 10 15 Val Arg Glu Ala Ile Gln Asn Ile Phe Leu Glu Met Gly Phe Ser Glu 20 25 30 Met Pro Thr Asn Met Tyr Val Glu Ser Ser Phe Trp Asn Phe Asp Ala 35 40 45 Leu Phe Gln Pro Gln Gln His Pro Ala Arg Asp Ser His Asp Thr Phe 50 55 60 Phe Leu Lys Ala Pro Ala Thr Thr Thr Gln Leu Pro Asp Asp Tyr Leu 65 70 75 80 Glu Lys Val Lys Gln Val His Gln Ser Gly Gly His Gly Ser Lys Gly 85 90 95 Tyr Gly Tyr Asp Trp Lys Arg Asp Glu Ala Glu Lys Asn Leu Leu Arg 100 105 110 Thr His Thr Thr Ala Val Ser Thr Arg Met Leu Tyr Lys Leu Ala Gln 115 120 125 Glu Lys Thr Phe Ala Pro Lys Arg Tyr Tyr Ser Ile Asp Arg Val Phe 130 135 140 Arg Asn Glu Ala Val Asp Arg Thr His Leu Ala Glu Phe His Gln Ile 145 150 155 160 Glu Gly Leu Ile Cys Asp Tyr Gly Leu Thr Leu Gly Asp Leu Ile Gly 165 170 175 Val Leu Glu Asp Phe Phe Ser Arg Leu Gly Met Ser Lys Leu Arg Phe 180 185 190 Lys Pro Ala Tyr Asn Pro Tyr Thr Glu Pro Ser Met Glu Ile Phe Ser 195 200 205 Tyr His Asp Gly Leu Lys Lys Trp Val Glu Ile Gly Asn Ser Gly Met 210 215 220 Phe Arg Pro Glu Met Leu Leu Pro Met Gly Leu Pro Glu Gly Val Asn 225 230 235 240 Val Ile Ala Trp Gly Leu Ser Leu Glu Arg Pro Thr Met Ile Leu Tyr 245 250 255 Gly Ile Asp Asn Ile Arg Asp Leu Phe Gly Pro Lys Val Asp Phe Asn 260 265 270 Leu Ile Lys Ser Ser Pro Ile Cys Arg Leu Gly Leu 275 280 25 1939 DNA Zea mays 25 gtccggaatt cccgggtcga cccacgcgtc cgtgctgtcc cattggcaac ttgcgcgcta 60 ctctgactcg agtggccgct actctacccc acccacaccc ttccgcccgc cgccactaaa 120 ccctagcggg acacccgcct tgctcgcgcc gcctcatcct ctcactcctc tcggaccccc 180 ggtggccggt gcagagctgc gcgaccgaga accgaatctg tgagccatgt cgaccaacaa 240 gggcagcgcg gccaagggcg gcggagggaa gaagaaggag gtgaagaagg agacgaagct 300 cgggatggcc tataagaagg acgacaactt cggggagtgg tactccgagg ttgttgttaa 360 cagtgaaatg attgagtact atgacatttc tggttgttat atattgaggc catgggcgat 420 ggaaatctgg gagctactga aagaattctt tgatgcagaa attaaaaagc tgaagctcaa 480 accatattat ttccctttgt ttgttactga gaatgttcta cagaaggaaa aggaccacat 540 tgagggcttt gcacctgagg tagcttgggt tactaaatct gggaaatctg acctggaagc 600 accgattgca atccgcccca caagtgagac tgtcatgtat ccgtacttct ccaaatggat 660 aagaagccac cgagacttac ccttgaggtg taatcaatgg tgtaatgttg ttagatggga 720 gtttagcaat ccaactcctt tcataaggag ccgtgaattt ctgtggcaag aggggcatac 780 tgcttttgcg actaaagaag aggcagatga agaggttctc caaatattgg aactgtaccg 840 aaggatatac gaagaatttt tagcagttcc agtttccaaa gggagaaaaa gcgagatgga 900 aaaatttgca ggtggccttt ataccaccag cgttgaggcc ttcattccaa acactggtcg 960 tggcatacaa ggcgcaacct cacactgtct tggtcaaaac tttgccaaga tgtttgatat 1020 cacttttgag aatgagaaag gtgttaggga aatggtttgg caaaactctt gggcctacac 1080 aacccgctcg attggagtga tggtgatgac acatggtgat gacaaaggct tagtattacc 1140 accaaaggtg gcaccaatcc aggtaatcgt gatttcagtg ccttataagg acgctgacac 1200 aactgccata aagggagcct gcgaatcaac tgtttacaca ctcgatcaat ctgggattag 1260 agcggatcag gacacccgtg aaaattactc tccaggttgg aagtattccc actgggaaat 1320 gaaaggtgtt ccattgagaa ttgagattgg tccaaaagat ctggcaaaca aacaggtgcg 1380 tgttgtccgc cgggacaacg gtgcaaaggt tgacatccct gtgaccaatt tggttgaaga 1440 ggttaaagtg ttactggatg agattcaaaa aaatctgttc aaaacagccc aagaaaagag 1500 agatgcctgt gttcatgtcg tgaacacttg ggatgaattc acaactgctc tgaataacaa 1560 aaagttgatc ttggctccat ggtgtgatga ggaggaaatt gagaaagatg taaaaactcg 1620 gacaaaaggg gaacttggag ctgcgaaaac attgtgtact ccatttgagc agccagaact 1680 tccagaaggt accctgtgct ttgcatctgg aaagccagcg aagaagtggt cgttctgggg 1740 ccgcagctac tgattgcctg tgctgggatt atttctggat tcagttctag tgagttatgt 1800 agctttgaag tgtcggatac aaatccaaaa atccatttac attgcgtttt acatcgactt 1860 gcagttctca tgtcatcact gctgacaaaa gccatcgatt tcctgtggac catgctattc 1920 gagtttgaat gttgcaagg 1939 26 383 PRT Zea mays 26 Pro Ile Ala Ile Arg Pro Thr Ser Glu Thr Val Met Tyr Pro Tyr Phe 1 5 10 15 Ser Lys Trp Ile Arg Ser His Arg Asp Leu Pro Leu Arg Cys Asn Gln 20 25 30 Trp Cys Asn Val Val Arg Trp Glu Phe Ser Asn Pro Thr Pro Phe Ile 35 40 45 Arg Ser Arg Glu Phe Leu Trp Gln Glu Gly His Thr Ala Phe Ala Thr 50 55 60 Lys Glu Glu Ala Asp Glu Glu Val Leu Gln Ile Leu Glu Leu Tyr Arg 65 70 75 80 Arg Ile Tyr Glu Glu Phe Leu Ala Val Pro Val Ser Lys Gly Arg Lys 85 90 95 Ser Glu Met Glu Lys Phe Ala Gly Gly Leu Tyr Thr Thr Ser Val Glu 100 105 110 Ala Phe Ile Pro Asn Thr Gly Arg Gly Ile Gln Gly Ala Thr Ser His 115 120 125 Cys Leu Gly Gln Asn Phe Ala Lys Met Phe Asp Ile Thr Phe Glu Asn 130 135 140 Glu Lys Gly Val Arg Glu Met Val Trp Gln Asn Ser Trp Ala Tyr Thr 145 150 155 160 Thr Arg Ser Ile Gly Val Met Val Met Thr His Gly Asp Asp Lys Gly 165 170 175 Leu Val Leu Pro Pro Lys Val Ala Pro Ile Gln Val Ile Val Ile Ser 180 185 190 Val Pro Tyr Lys Asp Ala Asp Thr Thr Ala Ile Lys Gly Ala Cys Glu 195 200 205 Ser Thr Val Tyr Thr Leu Asp Gln Ser Gly Ile Arg Ala Asp Gln Asp 210 215 220 Thr Arg Glu Asn Tyr Ser Pro Gly Trp Lys Tyr Ser His Trp Glu Met 225 230 235 240 Lys Gly Val Pro Leu Arg Ile Glu Ile Gly Pro Lys Asp Leu Ala Asn 245 250 255 Lys Gln Val Arg Val Val Arg Arg Asp Asn Gly Ala Lys Val Asp Ile 260 265 270 Pro Val Thr Asn Leu Val Glu Glu Val Lys Val Leu Leu Asp Glu Ile 275 280 285 Gln Lys Asn Leu Phe Lys Thr Ala Gln Glu Lys Arg Asp Ala Cys Val 290 295 300 His Val Val Asn Thr Trp Asp Glu Phe Thr Thr Ala Leu Asn Asn Lys 305 310 315 320 Lys Leu Ile Leu Ala Pro Trp Cys Asp Glu Glu Glu Ile Glu Lys Asp 325 330 335 Val Lys Thr Arg Thr Lys Gly Glu Leu Gly Ala Ala Lys Thr Leu Cys 340 345 350 Thr Pro Phe Glu Gln Pro Glu Leu Pro Glu Gly Thr Leu Cys Phe Ala 355 360 365 Ser Gly Lys Pro Ala Lys Lys Trp Ser Phe Trp Gly Arg Ser Tyr 370 375 380 27 697 DNA Glycine max unsure (11) unsure (40) unsure (42) unsure (91) unsure (118) unsure (183) unsure (266) unsure (304) unsure (503) unsure (632) unsure (694) 27 gtgaaacagt natgtatccc tactactcta agtggataan gngacatcgt gacttgcctt 60 tgaaacttaa tcagtggtgc aatgttgtaa natgggagtt cagcaacccc actccatnca 120 tcaggagtcg cgagtttctt tggcaagaag ggcacactgc ttttgcaaca aaggatgaag 180 canatgcaga agttcttgag attctggaat tatataggcg tatatacgaa gagtatttgg 240 cagttcctgt cataaagggt aagaanagtg agcttgagaa gtttgctggt ggactctaca 300 ctancaatgt tgaggcattt attccaaaca ctggtcgtgg tatccaaggt gcaacttctc 360 attgtttggg ccaaaatttt gctaaaatgt ttgagataaa ctttgaaaat gaaaagggag 420 agaaagcaat ggtctggcag aattcatggg cctatagtac tcgaactatt ggggtcatgg 480 tgatggttca tggtgatgac aangggattg gtactacctc ctaaagtagc atcagtacaa 540 gttattgtga ttcctgtgcc ttacaaagat gccgatactc aaggaatctt tgatgcctgt 600 ctgcactgtg aatacattga tgaagcagga tngcgctgag cagatctaga gatatatctc 660 ctggatgaga tccactggga atgaaagggt ctcnaga 697 28 173 PRT Glycine max UNSURE (13)..(14) UNSURE (30) UNSURE (39) UNSURE (61) UNSURE (88) UNSURE (101) UNSURE (167) 28 Glu Thr Val Met Tyr Pro Tyr Tyr Ser Lys Trp Ile Xaa Xaa His Arg 1 5 10 15 Asp Leu Pro Leu Lys Leu Asn Gln Trp Cys Asn Val Val Xaa Trp Glu 20 25 30 Phe Ser Asn Pro Thr Pro Xaa Ile Arg Ser Arg Glu Phe Leu Trp Gln 35 40 45 Glu Gly His Thr Ala Phe Ala Thr Lys Asp Glu Ala Xaa Ala Glu Val 50 55 60 Leu Glu Ile Leu Glu Leu Tyr Arg Arg Ile Tyr Glu Glu Tyr Leu Ala 65 70 75 80 Val Pro Val Ile Lys Gly Lys Xaa Ser Glu Leu Glu Lys Phe Ala Gly 85 90 95 Gly Leu Tyr Thr Xaa Asn Val Glu Ala Phe Ile Pro Asn Thr Gly Arg 100 105 110 Gly Ile Gln Gly Ala Thr Ser His Cys Leu Gly Gln Asn Phe Ala Lys 115 120 125 Met Phe Glu Ile Asn Phe Glu Asn Glu Lys Gly Glu Lys Ala Met Val 130 135 140 Trp Gln Asn Ser Trp Ala Tyr Ser Thr Arg Thr Ile Gly Val Met Val 145 150 155 160 Met Val His Gly Asp Asp Xaa Gly Ile Gly Thr Thr Ser 165 170 29 564 DNA Triticum aestivum unsure (439) unsure (466) unsure (526) unsure (536) unsure (564) 29 tagcaatcca actcctttca taaggagccg tgaatttctt tggcaagaag gccatacagt 60 ttttgcaact aaagaggagg cagatgaaga ggtcctccaa atattggaac tctacaggag 120 aatatatgaa gaatttttag cagttccagt gtccaaaggg aggaaaagtg agatggaaaa 180 gtttgctggt ggactttata caaccagtgt agaggccttc attccaaata ctggccgtgg 240 tatacaaggt gcaacttcac attgtcttgg tcaaaacttt gcaaagatgt ttgatatcac 300 tttcgagaat gaaaagggtg aacggtccat ggtgtggcag aactcttggg catacactac 360 ccgctcgatt ggggtcatga taatgacaca tggtgatgac aagggcttag tgctgccacc 420 aaaggtgacc tatccaggnc attgtatcct gtgccattaa agatgntgac acaacagcta 480 ttaaaggggc gtcgagcggc gttacacctt gaccaactgg atcggnagat ttgatnccgt 540 gaaatacccc caggtggaaa atcn 564 30 152 PRT Triticum aestivum 30 Ser Asn Pro Thr Pro Phe Ile Arg Ser Arg Glu Phe Leu Trp Gln Glu 1 5 10 15 Gly His Thr Val Phe Ala Thr Lys Glu Glu Ala Asp Glu Glu Val Leu 20 25 30 Gln Ile Leu Glu Leu Tyr Arg Arg Ile Tyr Glu Glu Phe Leu Ala Val 35 40 45 Pro Val Ser Lys Gly Arg Lys Ser Glu Met Glu Lys Phe Ala Gly Gly 50 55 60 Leu Tyr Thr Thr Ser Val Glu Ala Phe Ile Pro Asn Thr Gly Arg Gly 65 70 75 80 Ile Gln Gly Ala Thr Ser His Cys Leu Gly Gln Asn Phe Ala Lys Met 85 90 95 Phe Asp Ile Thr Phe Glu Asn Glu Lys Gly Glu Arg Ser Met Val Trp 100 105 110 Gln Asn Ser Trp Ala Tyr Thr Thr Arg Ser Ile Gly Val Met Ile Met 115 120 125 Thr His Gly Asp Asp Lys Gly Leu Val Leu Pro Pro Lys Val Thr Tyr 130 135 140 Pro Gly His Cys Ile Leu Cys His 145 150 31 1072 PRT Saccharomyces cerevisiae 31 Met Ser Glu Ser Asn Ala His Phe Ser Phe Pro Lys Glu Glu Glu Lys 1 5 10 15 Val Leu Ser Leu Trp Asp Glu Ile Asp Ala Phe His Thr Ser Leu Glu 20 25 30 Leu Thr Lys Asp Lys Pro Glu Phe Ser Phe Phe Asp Gly Pro Pro Phe 35 40 45 Ala Thr Gly Thr Pro His Tyr Gly His Ile Leu Ala Ser Thr Ile Lys 50 55 60 Asp Ile Val Pro Arg Tyr Ala Thr Met Thr Gly His His Val Glu Arg 65 70 75 80 Arg Phe Gly Trp Asp Thr His Gly Val Pro Ile Glu His Ile Ile Asp 85 90 95 Lys Lys Leu Gly Ile Thr Gly Lys Asp Asp Val Phe Lys Tyr Gly Leu 100 105 110 Glu Asn Tyr Asn Asn Glu Cys Arg Ser Ile Val Met Thr Tyr Ala Ser 115 120 125 Asp Trp Arg Lys Thr Ile Gly Arg Leu Gly Arg Trp Ile Asp Phe Asp 130 135 140 Asn Asp Tyr Lys Thr Met Tyr Pro Ser Phe Met Glu Ser Thr Trp Trp 145 150 155 160 Ala Phe Lys Gln Leu His Glu Lys Gly Gln Val Tyr Arg Gly Phe Lys 165 170 175 Val Met Pro Tyr Ser Thr Gly Leu Thr Thr Pro Leu Ser Asn Phe Glu 180 185 190 Ala Gln Gln Asn Tyr Lys Asp Val Asn Asp Pro Ala Val Thr Ile Gly 195 200 205 Phe Asn Val Ile Gly Gln Glu Lys Thr Gln Leu Val Ala Trp Thr Thr 210 215 220 Thr Pro Trp Thr Leu Pro Ser Asn Leu Ser Leu Cys Val Asn Ala Asp 225 230 235 240 Phe Glu Tyr Val Lys Ile Tyr Asp Glu Thr Arg Asp Arg Tyr Phe Ile 245 250 255 Leu Leu Glu Ser Leu Ile Lys Thr Leu Tyr Lys Lys Pro Lys Asn Glu 260 265 270 Lys Tyr Lys Ile Val Glu Lys Ile Lys Gly Ser Asp Leu Val Gly Leu 275 280 285 Lys Tyr Glu Pro Leu Phe Pro Tyr Phe Ala Glu Gln Phe His Glu Thr 290 295 300 Ala Phe Arg Val Ile Ser Asp Asp Tyr Val Thr Ser Asp Ser Gly Thr 305 310 315 320 Gly Ile Val His Asn Ala Pro Ala Phe Gly Glu Glu Asp Asn Ala Ala 325 330 335 Cys Leu Lys Asn Gly Val Ile Ser Glu Asp Ser Val Leu Pro Asn Ala 340 345 350 Ile Asp Asp Leu Gly Arg Phe Thr Lys Asp Val Pro Asp Phe Glu Gly 355 360 365 Val Tyr Val Lys Asp Ala Asp Lys Leu Ile Ile Lys Tyr Leu Thr Asn 370 375 380 Thr Gly Asn Leu Leu Leu Ala Ser Gln Ile Arg His Ser Tyr Pro Phe 385 390 395 400 Cys Trp Arg Ser Asp Thr Pro Leu Leu Tyr Arg Ser Val Pro Ala Trp 405 410 415 Phe Val Arg Val Lys Asn Ile Val Pro Gln Met Leu Asp Ser Val Met 420 425 430 Lys Ser His Trp Val Pro Asn Thr Ile Lys Glu Lys Arg Phe Ala Asn 435 440 445 Trp Ile Ala Asn Ala Arg Asp Trp Asn Val Ser Arg Asn Arg Tyr Trp 450 455 460 Gly Thr Pro Ile Pro Leu Trp Val Ser Asp Asp Phe Glu Glu Val Val 465 470 475 480 Cys Val Gly Ser Ile Lys Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Thr Gly Val Arg Asn 485 490 495 Ile Thr Asp Leu His Arg Asp Val Ile Asp Lys Leu Thr Ile Pro Ser 500 505 510 Lys Gln Gly Lys Gly Asp Leu Lys Arg Ile Glu Glu Val Phe Asp Cys 515 520 525 Trp Phe Glu Ser Gly Ser Met Pro Tyr Ala Ser Gln His Tyr Pro Phe 530 535 540 Glu Asn Thr Glu Lys Phe Asp Glu Arg Val Pro Ala Asn Phe Ile Ser 545 550 555 560 Glu Gly Leu Asp Gln Thr Arg Gly Trp Phe Tyr Thr Leu Ala Val Leu 565 570 575 Gly Thr His Leu Phe Gly Ser Val Pro Tyr Lys Asn Val Ile Val Ser 580 585 590 Gly Ile Val Leu Ala Ala Asp Gly Arg Lys Met Ser Lys Ser Leu Lys 595 600 605 Asn Tyr Pro Asp Pro Ser Ile Val Leu Asn Lys Tyr Gly Ala Asp Ala 610 615 620 Leu Arg Leu Tyr Leu Ile Asn Ser Pro Val Leu Lys Ala Glu Ser Leu 625 630 635 640 Lys Phe Lys Glu Glu Gly Val Lys Glu Val Val Ser Lys Val Leu Leu 645 650 655 Pro Trp Trp Asn Ser Phe Lys Phe Leu Asp Gly Gln Ile Ala Leu Leu 660 665 670 Lys Lys Met Ser Asn Ile Asp Phe Gln Tyr Asp Asp Ser Val Lys Ser 675 680 685 Asp Asn Val Met Asp Arg Trp Ile Leu Ala Ser Met Gln Ser Leu Val 690 695 700 Gln Phe Ile His Glu Glu Met Gly Gln Tyr Lys Leu Tyr Thr Val Val 705 710 715 720 Pro Lys Leu Leu Asn Phe Ile Asp Glu Leu Thr Asn Trp Tyr Ile Arg 725 730 735 Phe Asn Arg Arg Arg Leu Lys Gly Glu Asn Gly Val Glu Asp Cys Leu 740 745 750 Lys Ala Leu Asn Ser Leu Phe Asp Ala Leu Phe Thr Phe Val Arg Ala 755 760 765 Met Ala Pro Phe Thr Pro Phe Leu Ser Glu Ser Ile Tyr Leu Arg Leu 770 775 780 Lys Glu Tyr Ile Pro Glu Ala Val Leu Ala Lys Tyr Gly Lys Asp Gly 785 790 795 800 Arg Ser Val His Phe Leu Ser Tyr Pro Val Val Lys Lys Glu Tyr Phe 805 810 815 Asp Glu Ala Ile Glu Thr Ala Val Ser Arg Met Gln Ser Val Ile Asp 820 825 830 Leu Gly Arg Asn Ile Arg Glu Lys Lys Thr Ile Ser Leu Lys Thr Pro 835 840 845 Leu Lys Thr Leu Val Ile Leu His Ser Asp Glu Ser Tyr Leu Lys Asp 850 855 860 Val Glu Ala Leu Lys Asn Tyr Ile Ile Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Arg Asp 865 870 875 880 Val Val Ile Thr Ser Asp Glu Ala Lys Tyr Gly Val Glu Tyr Lys Ala 885 890 895 Val Ala Asp Trp Pro Val Leu Gly Lys Lys Leu Lys Lys Asp Ala Lys 900 905 910 Lys Val Lys Asp Ala Leu Pro Ser Val Thr Ser Glu Gln Val Arg Glu 915 920 925 Tyr Leu Glu Ser Gly Lys Leu Glu Val Ala Gly Ile Glu Leu Val Lys 930 935 940 Gly Asp Leu Asn Ala Ile Arg Gly Leu Pro Glu Ser Ala Val Gln Ala 945 950 955 960 Gly Gln Glu Thr Arg Thr Asp Gln Asp Val Leu Ile Ile Met Asp Thr 965 970 975 Asn Ile Tyr Ser Glu Leu Lys Ser Glu Gly Leu Ala Arg Glu Leu Val 980 985 990 Asn Arg Ile Gln Lys Leu Arg Lys Lys Cys Gly Leu Glu Ala Thr Asp 995 1000 1005 Asp Val Leu Val Glu Tyr Glu Leu Val Lys Asp Thr Ile Asp Phe Glu 1010 1015 1020 Ala Ile Val Lys Glu His Phe Asp Met Leu Ser Lys Thr Cys Arg Ser 1025 1030 1035 1040 Asp Ile Ala Lys Tyr Asp Gly Ser Lys Thr Asp Pro Ile Gly Asp Glu 1045 1050 1055 Glu Gln Ser Ile Asn Asp Thr Ile Phe Lys Leu Lys Val Phe Lys Leu 1060 1065 1070 32 1266 PRT Homo sapiens 32 Met Ser Asn Lys Met Leu Gln Gln Val Pro Glu Asn Ile Asn Phe Pro 1 5 10 15 Ala Glu Glu Glu Lys Ile Leu Glu Phe Trp Thr Glu Phe Asn Cys Phe 20 25 30 Gln Glu Cys Leu Lys Gln Ser Lys His Lys Pro Lys Phe Thr Phe Tyr 35 40 45 Asp Gly Pro Pro Phe Ala Thr Gly Leu Pro His Tyr Gly His Ile Leu 50 55 60 Ala Gly Thr Ile Lys Asp Ile Val Thr Arg Tyr Ala His Gln Ser Gly 65 70 75 80 Phe His Val Asp Arg Arg Phe Gly Trp Asp Cys His Gly Leu Pro Val 85 90 95 Glu Tyr Glu Ile Asp Lys Thr Leu Gly Ile Arg Gly Pro Glu Asp Val 100 105 110 Ala Lys Met Gly Ile Thr Glu Tyr Asn Asn Gln Cys Arg Ala Ile Val 115 120 125 Met Arg Tyr Ser Ala Glu Trp Lys Ser Thr Val Ser Arg Leu Gly Arg 130 135 140 Trp Ile Asp Phe Asp Asn Asp Tyr Lys Thr Leu Tyr Pro Gln Phe Met 145 150 155 160 Glu Ser Val Trp Trp Val Phe Lys Gln Leu Tyr Asp Lys Gly Leu Val 165 170 175 Tyr Arg Gly Val Lys Val Met Pro Phe Ser Thr Ala Cys Asn Thr Pro 180 185 190 Leu Ser Asn Phe Glu Ser His Gln Asn Tyr Lys Asp Val Gln Asp Pro 195 200 205 Ser Val Phe Val Thr Phe Pro Leu Glu Glu Asp Glu Thr Val Ser Leu 210 215 220 Val Ala Trp Thr Thr Thr Pro Trp Thr Leu Pro Ser Asn Leu Ala Val 225 230 235 240 Cys Val Asn Pro Glu Met Gln Tyr Val Lys Ile Lys Asp Val Ala Arg 245 250 255 Gly Arg Leu Leu Ile Leu Met Glu Ala Arg Leu Ser Ala Leu Tyr Lys 260 265 270 Leu Glu Ser Asp Tyr Glu Ile Leu Glu Arg Phe Pro Gly Ala Tyr Leu 275 280 285 Lys Gly Lys Lys Tyr Arg Pro Leu Phe Asp Tyr Phe Leu Lys Cys Lys 290 295 300 Glu Asn Gly Ala Phe Thr Val Leu Val Asp Asn Tyr Val Lys Glu Glu 305 310 315 320 Glu Gly Thr Gly Val Val His Gln Ala Pro Tyr Phe Gly Ala Glu Asp 325 330 335 Tyr Arg Val Cys Met Asp Phe Asn Ile Ile Arg Lys Asp Ser Leu Pro 340 345 350 Val Cys Pro Val Asp Ala Ser Gly Cys Phe Thr Thr Glu Val Thr Asp 355 360 365 Phe Ala Gly Gln Tyr Val Lys Asp Ala Asp Lys Ser Ile Ile Arg Thr 370 375 380 Leu Lys Glu Gln Gly Arg Leu Leu Val Ala Thr Thr Phe Thr His Ser 385 390 395 400 Tyr Pro Phe Cys Trp Arg Ser Asp Thr Pro Leu Ile Tyr Lys Ala Val 405 410 415 Pro Ser Trp Phe Val Arg Val Glu Asn Met Val Asp Gln Leu Leu Arg 420 425 430 Asn Asn Asp Leu Cys Tyr Trp Val Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Glu Lys Arg 435 440 445 Phe Gly Asn Trp Leu Lys Asp Ala Arg Asp Trp Thr Ile Ser Arg Asn 450 455 460 Arg Tyr Trp Gly Thr Pro Ile Pro Leu Trp Val Ser Asp Asp Phe Glu 465 470 475 480 Glu Val Val Cys Ile Gly Ser Val Ala Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Ser Gly 485 490 495 Ala Lys Ile Ser Asp Leu His Arg Glu Ser Val Asp His Leu Thr Ile 500 505 510 Pro Ser Arg Cys Gly Lys Gly Ser Leu His Arg Ile Ser Glu Val Phe 515 520 525 Asp Cys Trp Phe Glu Ser Gly Ser Met Pro Tyr Ala Gln Val His Tyr 530 535 540 Pro Phe Glu Asn Lys Arg Glu Phe Glu Asp Ala Phe Pro Ala Asp Phe 545 550 555 560 Ile Ala Glu Gly Ile Asp Gln Thr Arg Gly Trp Phe Tyr Thr Leu Leu 565 570 575 Val Leu Ala Thr Ala Leu Phe Gly Gln Pro Pro Phe Lys Asn Val Ile 580 585 590 Val Asn Gly Leu Val Leu Ala Ser Asp Gly Gln Lys Met Ser Lys Arg 595 600 605 Lys Lys Asn Tyr Pro Asp Pro Val Ser Ile Ile Gln Lys Tyr Gly Ala 610 615 620 Asp Ala Leu Arg Leu Tyr Leu Ile Asn Ser Pro Val Val Arg Ala Glu 625 630 635 640 Asn Leu Arg Phe Lys Glu Glu Gly Val Arg Asp Val Leu Lys Asp Val 645 650 655 Leu Leu Pro Trp Tyr Asn Ala Tyr Arg Phe Leu Ile Gln Asn Val Leu 660 665 670 Arg Leu Gln Lys Glu Glu Glu Ile Glu Phe Leu Tyr Asn Glu Asn Thr 675 680 685 Val Arg Glu Ser Pro Asn Ile Thr Asp Arg Trp Ile Leu Ser Phe Met 690 695 700 Gln Ser Leu Ile Gly Phe Phe Glu Thr Glu Met Ala Ala Tyr Arg Leu 705 710 715 720 Tyr Thr Val Val Pro Arg Leu Val Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Leu Thr Asn 725 730 735 Trp Tyr Val Arg Met Asn Arg Arg Arg Leu Lys Gly Glu Asn Gly Met 740 745 750 Glu Asp Cys Val Met Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Phe Ser Val Leu Leu Ser 755 760 765 Leu Cys Arg Leu Met Ala Pro Tyr Thr Pro Phe Leu Thr Glu Leu Met 770 775 780 Tyr Gln Asn Leu Lys Val Leu Ile Asp Pro Val Ser Val Gln Asp Lys 785 790 795 800 Asp Thr Leu Ser Ile His Tyr Leu Met Leu Pro Arg Val Arg Glu Glu 805 810 815 Leu Ile Asp Lys Lys Thr Glu Ser Ala Val Ser Gln Met Gln Ser Val 820 825 830 Ile Glu Leu Gly Arg Val Ile Arg Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Pro Ile Lys 835 840 845 Tyr Pro Leu Lys Glu Ile Val Val Ile His Gln Asp Pro Glu Ala Leu 850 855 860 Lys Asp Ile Lys Ser Leu Glu Lys Tyr Ile Ile Glu Glu Leu Asn Val 865 870 875 880 Arg Lys Val Thr Leu Ser Thr Asp Lys Asn Lys Tyr Gly Ile Arg Leu 885 890 895 Arg Ala Glu Pro Asp His Met Val Leu Gly Lys Arg Leu Lys Gly Ala 900 905 910 Phe Lys Ala Val Met Thr Ser Ile Lys Gln Leu Ser Ser Glu Glu Leu 915 920 925 Glu Gln Phe Gln Lys Thr Gly Thr Ile Val Val Glu Gly His Glu Leu 930 935 940 His Asp Glu Asp Ile Arg Leu Met Tyr Thr Phe Asp Gln Ala Thr Gly 945 950 955 960 Gly Thr Ala Gln Phe Glu Ala His Ser Asp Ala Gln Ala Leu Val Leu 965 970 975 Leu Asp Val Thr Pro Asp Gln Ser Met Val Asp Glu Gly Met Ala Arg 980 985 990 Glu Val Ile Asn Arg Ile Gln Lys Leu Arg Lys Lys Cys Asn Leu Val 995 1000 1005 Pro Thr Asp Glu Ile Thr Val Tyr Tyr Lys Ala Lys Ser Glu Gly Thr 1010 1015 1020 Tyr Leu Asn Ser Val Ile Glu Ser His Thr Glu Phe Ile Phe Thr Thr 1025 1030 1035 1040 Ile Lys Ala Pro Leu Lys Pro Tyr Pro Val Ser Pro Ser Asp Lys Val 1045 1050 1055 Leu Ile Gln Glu Lys Thr Gln Leu Lys Gly Ser Glu Leu Glu Ile Thr 1060 1065 1070 Leu Thr Arg Gly Ser Ser Leu Pro Gly Pro Ala Cys Ala Tyr Val Asn 1075 1080 1085 Leu Asn Ile Cys Ala Asn Gly Ser Glu Gln Gly Gly Val Leu Leu Leu 1090 1095 1100 Glu Asn Pro Lys Gly Asp Asn Arg Leu Asp Leu Leu Lys Leu Lys Ser 1105 1110 1115 1120 Val Val Thr Ser Ile Phe Gly Val Lys Asn Thr Glu Leu Ala Val Phe 1125 1130 1135 His Asp Glu Thr Glu Ile Gln Asn Gln Thr Asp Leu Leu Ser Leu Ser 1140 1145 1150 Gly Lys Thr Leu Cys Val Thr Ala Gly Ser Ala Pro Ser Leu Ile Asn 1155 1160 1165 Ser Ser Ser Thr Leu Leu Cys Gln Tyr Ile Asn Leu Gln Leu Leu Asn 1170 1175 1180 Ala Lys Pro Gln Glu Cys Leu Met Gly Thr Val Gly Thr Leu Leu Leu 1185 1190 1195 1200 Glu Asn Pro Leu Gly Gln Asn Gly Leu Thr His Gln Gly Leu Leu Tyr 1205 1210 1215 Glu Ala Ala Lys Val Phe Gly Leu Arg Ser Arg Lys Leu Lys Leu Phe 1220 1225 1230 Leu Asn Glu Thr Gln Thr Gln Glu Ile Thr Glu Asp Ile Pro Val Lys 1235 1240 1245 Thr Leu Asn Met Lys Thr Val Tyr Val Ser Val Leu Pro Thr Thr Ala 1250 1255 1260 Asp Phe 1265 33 1262 PRT Homo sapiens 33 Met Leu Gln Gln Val Pro Glu Asn Ile Asn Phe Pro Ala Glu Glu Glu 1 5 10 15 Lys Ile Leu Glu Phe Trp Thr Glu Phe Asn Cys Phe Gln Glu Cys Leu 20 25 30 Lys Gln Ser Lys His Lys Pro Lys Phe Thr Phe Tyr Asp Gly Pro Pro 35 40 45 Phe Ala Thr Gly Leu Pro His Tyr Gly His Ile Leu Ala Gly Thr Ile 50 55 60 Lys Asp Ile Val Thr Arg Tyr Ala His Gln Ser Gly Phe His Val Asp 65 70 75 80 Arg Arg Phe Gly Trp Asp Cys His Gly Leu Pro Val Glu Tyr Glu Ile 85 90 95 Asp Lys Thr Leu Gly Ile Arg Gly Pro Glu Asp Val Ala Lys Met Gly 100 105 110 Ile Thr Glu Tyr Asn Asn Gln Cys Arg Ala Ile Val Met Arg Tyr Ser 115 120 125 Ala Glu Trp Lys Ser Thr Val Ser Arg Leu Gly Arg Trp Ile Asp Phe 130 135 140 Asp Asn Asp Tyr Lys Thr Leu Tyr Pro Gln Phe Met Glu Ser Val Trp 145 150 155 160 Trp Val Phe Lys Gln Leu Tyr Asp Lys Gly Leu Val Tyr Arg Gly Val 165 170 175 Lys Val Met Pro Phe Ser Thr Ala Cys Asn Thr Pro Leu Ser Asn Phe 180 185 190 Glu Ser His Gln Asn Tyr Lys Asp Val Gln Asp Pro Ser Val Phe Val 195 200 205 Thr Phe Pro Leu Glu Glu Asp Glu Thr Val Ser Leu Val Ala Trp Thr 210 215 220 Thr Thr Pro Trp Thr Leu Pro Ser Asn Leu Ala Val Cys Val Asn Pro 225 230 235 240 Glu Met Gln Tyr Val Lys Ile Lys Asp Val Ala Arg Gly Arg Leu Leu 245 250 255 Ile Leu Met Glu Ala Arg Leu Ser Ala Leu Tyr Lys Leu Glu Ser Asp 260 265 270 Tyr Glu Ile Leu Glu Arg Phe Pro Gly Ala Tyr Leu Lys Gly Lys Lys 275 280 285 Tyr Arg Pro Leu Phe Asp Tyr Phe Leu Lys Cys Lys Glu Asn Gly Ala 290 295 300 Phe Thr Val Leu Val Asp Asn Tyr Val Lys Glu Glu Glu Gly Thr Gly 305 310 315 320 Val Val His Gln Ala Pro Tyr Phe Gly Ala Glu Asp Tyr Arg Val Cys 325 330 335 Met Asp Phe Asn Ile Ile Arg Lys Asp Ser Leu Pro Val Cys Pro Val 340 345 350 Asp Ala Ser Gly Cys Phe Thr Thr Glu Val Thr Asp Phe Ala Gly Gln 355 360 365 Tyr Val Lys Asp Ala Asp Lys Ser Ile Ile Arg Thr Leu Lys Glu Gln 370 375 380 Gly Arg Leu Leu Val Ala Thr Thr Phe Thr His Ser Tyr Pro Phe Cys 385 390 395 400 Trp Arg Ser Asp Thr Pro Leu Ile Tyr Lys Ala Val Pro Ser Trp Phe 405 410 415 Val Arg Val Glu Asn Met Val Asp Gln Leu Leu Arg Asn Asn Asp Leu 420 425 430 Cys Tyr Trp Val Pro Glu Leu Val Arg Glu Lys Arg Phe Gly Asn Trp 435 440 445 Leu Lys Asp Ala Arg Asp Trp Thr Ile Ser Arg Asn Arg Tyr Trp Gly 450 455 460 Thr Pro Ile Pro Leu Trp Val Ser Asp Asp Phe Glu Glu Val Val Cys 465 470 475 480 Ile Gly Ser Val Ala Glu Leu Glu Glu Leu Ser Gly Ala Lys Ile Ser 485 490 495 Asp Leu His Arg Glu Ser Val Asp His Leu Thr Ile Pro Ser Arg Cys 500 505 510 Gly Lys Gly Ser Leu His Arg Ile Ser Glu Val Phe Asp Cys Trp Phe 515 520 525 Glu Ser Gly Ser Met Pro Tyr Ala Gln Val His Tyr Pro Phe Glu Asn 530 535 540 Lys Arg Glu Phe Glu Asp Ala Phe Pro Ala Asp Phe Ile Ala Glu Gly 545 550 555 560 Ile Asp Gln Thr Arg Gly Trp Phe Tyr Thr Leu Leu Val Leu Ala Thr 565 570 575 Ala Leu Phe Gly Gln Pro Pro Phe Lys Asn Val Ile Val Asn Gly Leu 580 585 590 Val Leu Ala Ser Asp Gly Gln Lys Met Ser Lys Arg Lys Lys Asn Tyr 595 600 605 Pro Asp Pro Val Ser Ile Ile Gln Lys Tyr Gly Ala Asp Ala Leu Arg 610 615 620 Leu Tyr Leu Ile Asn Ser Pro Val Val Arg Ala Glu Asn Leu Arg Phe 625 630 635 640 Lys Glu Glu Gly Val Arg Asp Val Leu Lys Asp Val Leu Leu Pro Trp 645 650 655 Tyr Asn Ala Tyr Arg Phe Leu Ile Gln Asn Val Leu Arg Leu Gln Lys 660 665 670 Glu Glu Glu Ile Glu Phe Leu Tyr Asn Glu Asn Thr Val Arg Glu Ser 675 680 685 Pro Asn Ile Thr Asp Arg Trp Ile Leu Ser Phe Met Gln Ser Leu Ile 690 695 700 Gly Phe Phe Glu Thr Glu Met Ala Ala Tyr Arg Leu Tyr Thr Val Val 705 710 715 720 Pro Arg Leu Val Lys Phe Val Asp Ile Leu Thr Asn Trp Tyr Val Arg 725 730 735 Met Asn Arg Arg Arg Leu Lys Gly Glu Asn Gly Met Glu Asp Cys Val 740 745 750 Met Ala Leu Glu Thr Leu Phe Ser Val Leu Leu Ser Leu Cys Arg Leu 755 760 765 Ile Ala Pro Tyr Thr Pro Phe Leu Thr Glu Leu Met Tyr Gln Asn Leu 770 775 780 Lys Val Leu Ile Asp Pro Val Ser Val Gln Asp Lys Asp Thr Leu Ser 785 790 795 800 Ile His Tyr Leu Met Leu Pro Arg Val Arg Glu Glu Leu Ile Asp Lys 805 810 815 Lys Thr Glu Ser Ala Val Ser Gln Met Gln Ser Val Ile Glu Leu Gly 820 825 830 Arg Val Ile Arg Asp Arg Lys Thr Ile Pro Ile Lys Tyr Pro Leu Lys 835 840 845 Glu Ile Val Val Ile His Gln Asp Pro Glu Ala Leu Lys Asp Ile Lys 850 855 860 Ser Leu Glu Lys Tyr Ile Ile Glu Glu Leu Asn Val Arg Lys Val Thr 865 870 875 880 Leu Ser Thr Asp Lys Asn Lys Tyr Gly Ile Arg Leu Arg Ala Glu Pro 885 890 895 Asp His Met Val Leu Gly Lys Arg Leu Lys Gly Ala Phe Lys Ala Val 900 905 910 Met Thr Ser Ile Lys Gln Leu Ser Ser Glu Glu Leu Glu Gln Phe Gln 915 920 925 Lys Thr Gly Thr Ile Val Val Glu Gly His Glu Leu His Asp Glu Asp 930 935 940 Ile Arg Leu Met Tyr Thr Phe Asp Gln Ala Thr Gly Gly Thr Ala Gln 945 950 955 960 Phe Glu Ala His Ser Asp Ala Gln Ala Leu Val Leu Leu Asp Val Thr 965 970 975 Pro Asp Gln Ser Met Val Asp Glu Gly Met Ala Arg Glu Val Ile Asn 980 985 990 Arg Ile Gln Lys Leu Arg Lys Lys Cys Asn Leu Val Pro Thr Asp Glu 995 1000 1005 Ile Thr Val Tyr Tyr Lys Ala Lys Ser Glu Gly Thr Tyr Leu Asn Ser 1010 1015 1020 Val Ile Glu Ser His Thr Glu Phe Ile Phe Thr Thr Ile Lys Ala Pro 1025 1030 1035 1040 Leu Lys Pro Tyr Pro Val Ser Pro Ser Asp Lys Val Leu Ile Gln Glu 1045 1050 1055 Lys Thr Gln Leu Lys Gly Ser Glu Leu Glu Ile Thr Leu Thr Arg Gly 1060 1065 1070 Ser Ser Leu Pro Gly Pro Ala Cys Ala Tyr Val Asn Leu Asn Ile Cys 1075 1080 1085 Ala Asn Gly Ser Glu Gln Gly Gly Val Leu Leu Leu Glu Asn Pro Lys 1090 1095 1100 Gly Asp Asn Arg Leu Asp Leu Leu Lys Leu Lys Ser Val Val Thr Ser 1105 1110 1115 1120 Ile Phe Gly Val Lys Asn Thr Glu Leu Ala Val Phe His Asp Glu Thr 1125 1130 1135 Glu Ile Gln Asn Gln Thr Asp Leu Leu Ser Leu Ser Gly Lys Thr Leu 1140 1145 1150 Cys Val Thr Ala Gly Ser Ala Pro Ser Leu Ile Asn Ser Ser Ser Thr 1155 1160 1165 Leu Leu Cys Gln Tyr Ile Asn Leu Gln Leu Leu Asn Ala Lys Pro Gln 1170 1175 1180 Glu Cys Leu Met Gly Thr Val Gly Thr Leu Leu Leu Glu Asn Pro Leu 1185 1190 1195 1200 Gly Gln Asn Gly Leu Thr His Gln Gly Leu Leu Tyr Glu Ala Ala Lys 1205 1210 1215 Val Phe Gly Leu Arg Ser Arg Lys Leu Lys Leu Phe Leu Asn Glu Thr 1220 1225 1230 Gln Thr Gln Glu Ile Thr Glu Asp Ile Pro Val Lys Thr Leu Asn Met 1235 1240 1245 Lys Thr Val Tyr Val Ser Val Leu Pro Thr Thr Ala Asp Phe 1250 1255 1260 34 626 PRT Arabidopsis thaliana 34 Met Glu Gly Ala Ala Asp Gln Thr Thr Lys Ala Leu Ser Glu Leu Ala 1 5 10 15 Met Asp Ser Ser Thr Thr Leu Asn Ala Ala Glu Ser Ser Ala Gly Asp 20 25 30 Gly Ala Gly Pro Arg Ser Lys Asn Ala Leu Lys Lys Glu Gln Lys Met 35 40 45 Lys Gln Lys Glu Glu Glu Lys Arg Arg Lys Asp Glu Glu Lys Ala Glu 50 55 60 Lys Ala Lys Gln Ala Pro Lys Ala Ser Ser Gln Lys Ala Val Ala Ala 65 70 75 80 Asp Asp Glu Glu Met Asp Ala Thr Gln Tyr Tyr Glu Asn Arg Leu Lys 85 90 95 Tyr Leu Ala Ala Glu Lys Ala Lys Gly Glu Asn Pro Tyr Pro His Lys 100 105 110 Phe Ala Val Ser Met Ser Ile Pro Lys Tyr Ile Glu Thr Tyr Gly Ser 115 120 125 Leu Asn Asn Gly Asp His Val Glu Asn Ala Glu Glu Ser Leu Ala Gly 130 135 140 Arg Ile Met Ser Lys Arg Ser Ser Ser Ser Lys Leu Phe Phe Tyr Asp 145 150 155 160 Leu His Gly Asp Asp Phe Lys Val Gln Val Met Ala Asp Ala Ser Lys 165 170 175 Ser Gly Leu Asp Glu Ala Glu Phe Leu Lys Leu His Ser Asn Ala Lys 180 185 190 Arg Gly Asp Ile Val Gly Val Ile Gly Phe Pro Gly Lys Thr Lys Arg 195 200 205 Gly Glu Leu Ser Ile Phe Pro Arg Ser Phe Ile Leu Leu Ser His Cys 210 215 220 Leu His Met Met Pro Arg Lys Ala Asp Asn Val Asn Ala Lys Lys Pro 225 230 235 240 Glu Ile Trp Val Pro Gly Gln Thr Arg Asn Pro Glu Ala Tyr Val Leu 245 250 255 Lys Asp Gln Glu Ser Arg Tyr Arg Gln Arg His Leu Asp Met Ile Leu 260 265 270 Asn Val Glu Val Arg Gln Ile Phe Arg Thr Arg Ala Lys Ile Ile Ser 275 280 285 Tyr Val Arg Arg Phe Leu Asp Asn Lys Asn Phe Leu Glu Val Glu Thr 290 295 300 Pro Met Met Asn Met Ile Ala Gly Gly Ala Ala Ala Arg Pro Phe Val 305 310 315 320 Thr His His Asn Asp Leu Asp Met Arg Leu Tyr Met Arg Ile Ala Pro 325 330 335 Glu Leu Tyr Leu Lys Gln Leu Ile Val Gly Gly Leu Glu Arg Val Tyr 340 345 350 Glu Ile Gly Lys Gln Phe Arg Asn Glu Gly Ile Asp Leu Thr His Asn 355 360 365 Pro Glu Phe Thr Thr Cys Glu Phe Tyr Met Ala Phe Ala Asp Tyr Asn 370 375 380 Asp Leu Met Glu Met Thr Glu Val Met Leu Ser Gly Met Val Lys Glu 385 390 395 400 Leu Thr Gly Gly Tyr Lys Ile Lys Tyr Asn Ala Asn Gly Tyr Asp Lys 405 410 415 Asp Pro Ile Glu Ile Asp Phe Thr Pro Pro Phe Arg Arg Ile Glu Met 420 425 430 Ile Gly Glu Leu Glu Lys Val Ala Lys Leu Asn Ile Pro Lys Asp Leu 435 440 445 Ala Ser Glu Glu Ala Asn Lys Tyr Leu Ile Asp Ala Cys Ala Arg Phe 450 455 460 Asp Val Lys Cys Pro Pro Pro Gln Thr Thr Ala Arg Leu Leu Asp Lys 465 470 475 480 Leu Val Gly Glu Phe Leu Glu Pro Thr Cys Val Asn Pro Thr Phe Ile 485 490 495 Ile Asn Gln Pro Glu Ile Met Ser Pro Leu Ala Lys Trp His Arg Ser 500 505 510 Lys Ser Gly Leu Thr Glu Arg Phe Glu Leu Phe Ile Asn Lys His Glu 515 520 525 Leu Cys Asn Ala Tyr Thr Glu Leu Asn Asp Pro Val Val Gln Arg Gln 530 535 540 Arg Phe Ala Asp Gln Leu Lys Asp Arg Gln Ser Gly Asp Asp Glu Ala 545 550 555 560 Met Ala Leu Asp Glu Thr Phe Cys Asn Ala Leu Glu Tyr Gly Leu Ala 565 570 575 Pro Thr Gly Gly Trp Gly Leu Gly Ile Asp Arg Leu Ser Met Leu Leu 580 585 590 Thr Asp Ser Leu Asn Ile Lys Glu Val Leu Phe Phe Pro Ala Met Arg 595 600 605 Pro Pro Gln Glu Glu Ser Ala Ala Ala Gln Ala Pro Leu Thr Glu Glu 610 615 620 Lys Lys 625 35 451 PRT Homo sapiens 35 Met Val Gly Ser Ala Leu Arg Arg Gly Ala His Ala Tyr Val Tyr Leu 1 5 10 15 Val Ser Lys Ala Ser His Ile Ser Arg Gly His Gln His Gln Ala Trp 20 25 30 Gly Ser Arg Pro Pro Ala Ala Glu Cys Ala Thr Gln Arg Ala Pro Gly 35 40 45 Ser Val Val Glu Leu Leu Gly Lys Ser Tyr Pro Gln Asp Asp His Ser 50 55 60 Asn Leu Thr Arg Lys Val Leu Thr Arg Val Gly Arg Asn Leu His Asn 65 70 75 80 Gln Gln His His Pro Leu Trp Leu Ile Lys Glu Arg Val Lys Glu His 85 90 95 Phe Tyr Lys Gln Tyr Val Gly Arg Phe Gly Thr Pro Leu Phe Ser Val 100 105 110 Tyr Asp Asn Leu Ser Pro Val Val Thr Thr Trp Gln Asn Phe Asp Ser 115 120 125 Leu Leu Ile Pro Ala Asp His Pro Ser Arg Lys Lys Gly Asp Asn Tyr 130 135 140 Tyr Leu Asn Arg Thr His Met Leu Arg Ala His Thr Ser Ala His Gln 145 150 155 160 Trp Asp Leu Leu His Ala Gly Leu Asp Ala Phe Leu Val Val Gly Asp 165 170 175 Val Tyr Arg Arg Asp Gln Ile Asp Ser Gln His Tyr Pro Ile Phe His 180 185 190 Gln Leu Glu Ala Val Arg Leu Phe Ser Lys His Glu Leu Phe Ala Gly 195 200 205 Ile Lys Asp Gly Glu Ser Leu Gln Leu Phe Glu Gln Ser Ser Arg Ser 210 215 220 Ala His Lys Gln Glu Thr His Thr Met Glu Ala Val Lys Leu Val Glu 225 230 235 240 Phe Asp Leu Lys Gln Thr Leu Thr Arg Leu Met Ala His Leu Phe Gly 245 250 255 Asp Glu Leu Glu Ile Arg Trp Val Asp Cys Tyr Phe Pro Phe Thr His 260 265 270 Pro Ser Phe Glu Met Glu Ile Asn Phe His Gly Glu Trp Leu Glu Val 275 280 285 Leu Gly Cys Gly Val Met Glu Gln Gln Leu Val Asn Ser Ala Gly Ala 290 295 300 Gln Asp Arg Ile Gly Trp Ala Phe Gly Leu Gly Leu Glu Arg Leu Ala 305 310 315 320 Met Ile Leu Tyr Asp Ile Pro Asp Ile Arg Leu Phe Trp Cys Glu Asp 325 330 335 Glu Arg Phe Leu Lys Gln Phe Cys Val Ser Asn Ile Asn Gln Lys Val 340 345 350 Lys Phe Gln Pro Leu Ser Lys Tyr Pro Ala Val Ile Asn Asp Ile Ser 355 360 365 Phe Trp Leu Pro Ser Glu Asn Tyr Ala Glu Asn Asp Phe Tyr Asp Leu 370 375 380 Val Arg Thr Ile Gly Gly Asp Leu Val Glu Lys Val Asp Leu Ile Asp 385 390 395 400 Lys Phe Val His Pro Lys Thr His Lys Thr Ser His Cys Tyr Arg Ile 405 410 415 Thr Tyr Arg His Met Glu Arg Thr Leu Ser Gln Arg Glu Val Arg His 420 425 430 Ile His Gln Ala Leu Gln Glu Ala Ala Val Gln Leu Leu Gly Val Glu 435 440 445 Gly Arg Phe 450 36 503 PRT Saccharomyces cerevisiae 36 Met Ser Asp Phe Gln Leu Glu Ile Leu Lys Lys Leu Asp Glu Leu Asp 1 5 10 15 Glu Ile Lys Ser Thr Leu Ala Thr Phe Pro Gln His Gly Ser Gln Asp 20 25 30 Val Leu Ser Ala Leu Asn Ser Leu Lys Ala His Asn Lys Leu Glu Phe 35 40 45 Ser Lys Val Asp Thr Val Thr Tyr Asp Leu Thr Lys Glu Gly Ala Gln 50 55 60 Ile Leu Asn Glu Gly Ser Tyr Glu Ile Lys Leu Val Lys Leu Ile Gln 65 70 75 80 Glu Leu Gly Gln Leu Gln Ile Lys Asp Val Met Ser Lys Leu Gly Pro 85 90 95 Gln Val Gly Lys Val Gly Gln Ala Arg Ala Phe Lys Asn Gly Trp Ile 100 105 110 Ala Lys Asn Ala Ser Asn Glu Leu Glu Leu Ser Ala Lys Leu Gln Asn 115 120 125 Thr Asp Leu Asn Glu Leu Thr Asp Glu Thr Gln Ser Ile Leu Ala Gln 130 135 140 Ile Lys Asn Asn Ser His Leu Asp Ser Ile Asp Ala Lys Ile Leu Asn 145 150 155 160 Asp Leu Lys Lys Arg Lys Leu Ile Ala Gln Gly Lys Ile Thr Asp Phe 165 170 175 Ser Val Thr Lys Gly Pro Glu Phe Ser Thr Asp Leu Thr Lys Leu Glu 180 185 190 Thr Asp Leu Thr Ser Asp Met Val Ser Thr Asn Ala Tyr Lys Asp Leu 195 200 205 Lys Phe Lys Pro Tyr Asn Phe Asn Ser Gln Gly Val Gln Ile Ser Ser 210 215 220 Gly Ala Leu His Pro Leu Asn Lys Val Arg Glu Glu Phe Arg Gln Ile 225 230 235 240 Phe Phe Ser Met Gly Phe Thr Glu Met Pro Ser Asn Gln Tyr Val Glu 245 250 255 Thr Gly Phe Trp Asn Phe Asp Ala Leu Tyr Val Pro Gln Gln His Pro 260 265 270 Ala Arg Asp Leu Gln Asp Thr Phe Tyr Ile Lys Asp Pro Leu Thr Ala 275 280 285 Glu Leu Pro Asp Asp Lys Thr Tyr Met Asp Asn Ile Lys Ala Val His 290 295 300 Glu Gln Gly Arg Phe Gly Ser Ile Gly Tyr Arg Tyr Asn Trp Lys Pro 305 310 315 320 Glu Glu Cys Gln Lys Leu Val Leu Arg Thr His Ser Thr Ala Ile Ser 325 330 335 Ala Arg Met Leu His Asp Leu Ala Lys Asp Pro Lys Pro Thr Arg Leu 340 345 350 Phe Ser Ile Asp Arg Val Phe Arg Asn Glu Ala Val Asp Ala Thr His 355 360 365 Leu Ala Glu Phe His Gln Val Glu Gly Val Leu Ala Asp Tyr Asn Ile 370 375 380 Thr Leu Gly Asp Leu Ile Lys Phe Met Glu Glu Phe Phe Glu Arg Met 385 390 395 400 Gly Val Thr Gly Leu Arg Phe Lys Pro Thr Tyr Asn Pro Tyr Thr Glu 405 410 415 Pro Ser Met Glu Ile Phe Ser Trp His Glu Gly Leu Gln Lys Trp Val 420 425 430 Glu Ile Gly Asn Ser Gly Met Phe Arg Pro Glu Met Leu Glu Ser Met 435 440 445 Gly Leu Pro Lys Asp Leu Arg Val Leu Gly Trp Gly Leu Ser Leu Glu 450 455 460 Arg Pro Thr Met Ile Lys Tyr Lys Val Gln Asn Ile Arg Glu Leu Leu 465 470 475 480 Gly His Lys Val Ser Leu Asp Phe Ile Glu Thr Asn Pro Ala Ala Arg 485 490 495 Leu Asp Glu Asp Leu Tyr Glu 500 37 1440 PRT Homo sapiens 37 Met Glu His Thr Glu Ile Asp His Trp Leu Glu Phe Ser Ala Thr Lys 1 5 10 15 Leu Ser Ser Cys Asp Ser Phe Thr Ser Thr Ile Asn Glu Leu Asn His 20 25 30 Cys Leu Ser Leu Arg Thr Tyr Leu Val Gly Asn Ser Leu Ser Leu Ala 35 40 45 Asp Leu Cys Val Trp Ala Thr Leu Lys Gly Asn Ala Ala Trp Gln Glu 50 55 60 Gln Leu Lys Gln Lys Lys Ala Pro Val His Val Lys Arg Trp Phe Gly 65 70 75 80 Phe Leu Glu Ala Gln Gln Ala Phe Gln Ser Val Gly Thr Lys Trp Asp 85 90 95 Val Ser Thr Thr Lys Ala Arg Val Ala Pro Glu Lys Lys Gln Asp Val 100 105 110 Gly Lys Phe Val Glu Leu Pro Gly Ala Glu Met Gly Lys Val Thr Val 115 120 125 Arg Phe Pro Pro Glu Ala Ser Gly Tyr Leu His Ile Gly His Ala Lys 130 135 140 Ala Ala Leu Leu Asn Gln His Tyr Gln Val Asn Phe Lys Gly Lys Leu 145 150 155 160 Ile Met Arg Phe Asp Asp Thr Asn Pro Glu Lys Glu Lys Glu Asp Phe 165 170 175 Glu Lys Val Ile Leu Glu Asp Val Ala Met Leu His Ile Lys Pro Asp 180 185 190 Gln Phe Thr Tyr Thr Ser Asp His Phe Glu Thr Ile Met Lys Tyr Ala 195 200 205 Glu Lys Leu Ile Gln Glu Gly Lys Ala Tyr Val Asp Asp Thr Pro Ala 210 215 220 Glu Gln Met Lys Ala Glu Arg Glu Gln Arg Ile Glu Ser Lys His Arg 225 230 235 240 Lys Asn Pro Ile Glu Lys Asn Leu Gln Met Trp Glu Glu Met Lys Lys 245 250 255 Gly Ser Gln Phe Gly His Ser Cys Cys Leu Arg Ala Lys Ile Asp Met 260 265 270 Ser Ser Asn Asn Gly Cys Met Arg Asp Pro Thr Leu Tyr Arg Cys Lys 275 280 285 Ile Gln Pro His Pro Arg Thr Gly Asn Lys Tyr Asn Val Tyr Pro Thr 290 295 300 Tyr Asp Phe Ala Cys Pro Ile Val Asp Ser Ile Glu Gly Val Thr His 305 310 315 320 Ala Leu Arg Thr Thr Glu Tyr His Asp Arg Asp Glu Gln Phe Tyr Trp 325 330 335 Ile Ile Glu Ala Leu Gly Ile Arg Lys Pro Tyr Ile Trp Glu Tyr Ser 340 345 350 Arg Leu Asn Leu Asn Asn Thr Val Leu Ser Lys Arg Lys Leu Thr Trp 355 360 365 Phe Val Asn Glu Gly Leu Val Asp Gly Trp Asp Asp Pro Arg Phe Pro 370 375 380 Thr Val Arg Gly Val Leu Arg Arg Gly Met Thr Val Glu Gly Leu Lys 385 390 395 400 Gln Phe Ile Ala Ala Gln Gly Ser Ser Arg Ser Val Val Asn Met Glu 405 410 415 Trp Asp Lys Ile Trp Ala Phe Asn Lys Lys Val Ile Asp Pro Val Ala 420 425 430 Pro Arg Tyr Val Ala Leu Leu Lys Lys Glu Val Ile Pro Val Asn Val 435 440 445 Pro Glu Ala Gln Glu Glu Met Lys Glu Val Ala Lys His Pro Lys Asn 450 455 460 Pro Glu Val Gly Leu Lys Pro Val Trp Tyr Ser Pro Lys Val Phe Ile 465 470 475 480 Glu Gly Ala Asp Ala Glu Thr Phe Ser Glu Gly Glu Met Val Thr Phe 485 490 495 Ile Asn Trp Gly Asn Leu Asn Ile Thr Lys Ile His Lys Asn Ala Asp 500 505 510 Gly Lys Ile Ile Ser Leu Asp Ala Lys Phe Asn Leu Glu Asn Lys Asp 515 520 525 Tyr Lys Lys Thr Thr Lys Val Thr Trp Leu Ala Glu Thr Thr His Ala 530 535 540 Leu Pro Ile Pro Val Ile Cys Val Thr Tyr Glu His Leu Ile Thr Lys 545 550 555 560 Pro Val Leu Gly Lys Asp Glu Asp Phe Lys Gln Tyr Val Asn Lys Asn 565 570 575 Ser Lys His Glu Glu Leu Met Leu Gly Asp Pro Cys Leu Lys Asp Leu 580 585 590 Lys Lys Gly Asp Ile Ile Gln Leu Gln Arg Arg Gly Phe Phe Ile Cys 595 600 605 Asp Gln Pro Tyr Glu Pro Val Ser Pro Tyr Ser Cys Lys Glu Ala Pro 610 615 620 Cys Val Leu Ile Tyr Ile Pro Asp Gly His Thr Lys Glu Met Pro Thr 625 630 635 640 Ser Gly Ser Lys Glu Lys Thr Lys Val Glu Ala Thr Lys Asn Glu Thr 645 650 655 Ser Ala Pro Phe Lys Glu Arg Pro Thr Pro Ser Leu Asn Asn Asn Cys 660 665 670 Thr Thr Ser Glu Asp Ser Leu Val Leu Tyr Asn Arg Val Ala Val Gln 675 680 685 Gly Asp Val Val Arg Glu Leu Lys Ala Lys Lys Ala Pro Lys Glu Asp 690 695 700 Val Asp Ala Ala Val Lys Gln Leu Leu Ser Leu Lys Ala Glu Tyr Lys 705 710 715 720 Glu Lys Thr Gly Gln Glu Tyr Lys Pro Gly Asn Pro Pro Ala Glu Ile 725 730 735 Gly Gln Asn Ile Ser Ser Asn Ser Ser Ala Ser Ile Leu Glu Ser Lys 740 745 750 Ser Leu Tyr Asp Glu Val Ala Ala Gln Gly Glu Val Val Arg Lys Leu 755 760 765 Lys Ala Glu Lys Ser Pro Lys Ala Lys Ile Asn Glu Ala Val Glu Cys 770 775 780 Leu Leu Ser Leu Lys Ala Gln Tyr Lys Glu Lys Thr Gly Lys Glu Tyr 785 790 795 800 Ile Pro Gly Gln Pro Pro Leu Ser Gln Ser Ser Asp Ser Ser Pro Thr 805 810 815 Arg Asn Ser Glu Pro Ala Gly Leu Glu Thr Pro Glu Ala Lys Val Leu 820 825 830 Phe Asp Lys Val Ala Ser Gln Gly Glu Val Val Arg Lys Leu Lys Thr 835 840 845 Glu Lys Ala Pro Lys Asp Gln Val Asp Ile Ala Val Gln Glu Leu Leu 850 855 860 Gln Leu Lys Ala Gln Tyr Lys Ser Leu Ile Gly Val Glu Tyr Lys Pro 865 870 875 880 Val Ser Ala Thr Gly Ala Glu Asp Lys Asp Lys Lys Lys Lys Glu Lys 885 890 895 Glu Asn Lys Ser Glu Lys Gln Asn Lys Pro Gln Lys Gln Asn Asp Gly 900 905 910 Gln Arg Lys Asp Pro Ser Lys Asn Gln Gly Gly Gly Leu Ser Ser Ser 915 920 925 Gly Ala Gly Glu Gly Gln Gly Pro Lys Lys Gln Thr Arg Leu Gly Leu 930 935 940 Glu Ala Lys Lys Glu Glu Asn Leu Ala Asp Trp Tyr Ser Gln Val Ile 945 950 955 960 Thr Lys Ser Glu Met Ile Glu Tyr His Asp Ile Ser Gly Cys Tyr Ile 965 970 975 Leu Arg Pro Trp Ala Tyr Ala Ile Trp Glu Ala Ile Lys Asp Phe Phe 980 985 990 Asp Ala Glu Ile Lys Lys Leu Gly Val Glu Asn Cys Tyr Phe Pro Met 995 1000 1005 Phe Val Ser Gln Ser Ala Leu Glu Lys Glu Lys Thr His Val Ala Asp 1010 1015 1020 Phe Ala Pro Glu Val Ala Trp Val Thr Arg Ser Gly Lys Thr Glu Leu 1025 1030 1035 1040 Ala Glu Pro Ile Ala Ile Arg Pro Thr Ser Glu Thr Val Met Tyr Pro 1045 1050 1055 Ala Tyr Ala Lys Trp Val Gln Ser His Arg Asp Leu Pro Ile Lys Leu 1060 1065 1070 Asn Gln Trp Cys Asn Val Val Arg Trp Glu Phe Lys His Pro Gln Pro 1075 1080 1085 Phe Leu Arg Thr Arg Glu Phe Leu Trp Gln Glu Gly His Ser Ala Phe 1090 1095 1100 Ala Thr Met Glu Glu Ala Ala Glu Glu Val Leu Gln Ile Leu Asp Leu 1105 1110 1115 1120 Tyr Ala Gln Val Tyr Glu Glu Leu Leu Ala Ile Pro Val Val Lys Gly 1125 1130 1135 Arg Lys Thr Glu Lys Glu Lys Phe Ala Gly Gly Asp Tyr Thr Thr Thr 1140 1145 1150 Ile Glu Ala Phe Ile Ser Ala Ser Gly Arg Ala Ile Gln Gly Gly Thr 1155 1160 1165 Ser His His Leu Gly Gln Asn Phe Ser Lys Met Phe Glu Ile Val Phe 1170 1175 1180 Glu Asp Pro Lys Ile Pro Gly Glu Lys Gln Phe Ala Tyr Gln Asn Ser 1185 1190 1195 1200 Trp Gly Leu Thr Thr Arg Thr Ile Gly Val Met Thr Met Val His Gly 1205 1210 1215 Asp Asn Met Gly Leu Val Leu Pro Pro Arg Val Ala Cys Val Gln Val 1220 1225 1230 Val Ile Ile Pro Cys Gly Ile Thr Asn Ala Leu Ser Glu Glu Asp Lys 1235 1240 1245 Glu Ala Leu Ile Ala Lys Cys Asn Asp Tyr Arg Arg Arg Leu Leu Ser 1250 1255 1260 Val Asn Ile Arg Val Arg Ala Asp Leu Arg Asp Asn Tyr Ser Pro Gly 1265 1270 1275 1280 Trp Lys Phe Asn His Trp Glu Leu Lys Gly Val Pro Ile Arg Leu Glu 1285 1290 1295 Val Gly Pro Arg Asp Met Lys Ser Cys Gln Phe Val Ala Val Arg Arg 1300 1305 1310 Asp Thr Gly Glu Lys Leu Thr Val Ala Glu Asn Glu Ala Glu Thr Lys 1315 1320 1325 Leu Gln Ala Ile Leu Glu Asp Ile Gln Val Thr Leu Phe Thr Arg Ala 1330 1335 1340 Ser Glu Asp Leu Lys Thr His Met Val Val Ala Asn Thr Met Glu Asp 1345 1350 1355 1360 Phe Gln Lys Ile Leu Asp Ser Gly Lys Ile Val Gln Ile Pro Phe Cys 1365 1370 1375 Gly Glu Ile Asp Cys Glu Asp Trp Ile Lys Lys Thr Thr Ala Arg Asp 1380 1385 1390 Gln Asp Leu Glu Pro Gly Ala Pro Ser Met Gly Ala Lys Ser Leu Cys 1395 1400 1405 Ile Pro Phe Lys Pro Leu Cys Glu Leu Gln Pro Gly Ala Lys Cys Val 1410 1415 1420 Cys Gly Lys Asn Pro Ala Lys Tyr Tyr Thr Leu Phe Gly Arg Ser Tyr 1425 1430 1435 1440 

What is claimed is:
 1. An isolated polynucleotide comprising: (a) a nucleotide sequence encoding an isoleucyl-tRNA synthase, wherein the amino acid sequence of the synthase and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, or SEQ ID NO:8 have at least 80% identity based on the Clustal alignment method, or (b) the complement of the nucleotide sequence.
 2. The polynucleotide of claim 1, wherein the amino acid sequence of the synthase and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, or SEQ ID NO:8 have 90% identity based on the Clustal alignment method.
 3. The polynucleotide of claim 1, wherein the amino acid sequence of the synthase and the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, or SEQ ID NO:8 have 95% identity based on the Clustal alignment method.
 4. The polynucleotide of claim 1, comprising the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO:1, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO:5, or SEQ ID NO:7.
 5. The polynucleotide of claim 1, wherein the synthase comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO:2, SEQ ID NO:4, SEQ ID NO:6, or SEQ ID NO:8.
 6. A chimeric gene comprising the polynucleotide of claim 1 operably linked to a regulatory sequence.
 7. A vector comprising the polynucleotide of claim
 1. 8. A method for transforming a cell comprising introducing the polynucleotide of claim 1 into a cell.
 9. A cell comprising the chimeric gene of claim
 6. 10. A method for producing a plant comprising transforming a plant cell with the chimeric gene of claim 1 and regenerating a plant from the transformed plant cell.
 11. A plant comprising the chimeric gene of claim
 6. 12. A seed comprising the chimeric gene of claim
 6. 